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 Background & Objective: The quality of services given to emergency patients at a hospital as well as these patients ’ satisfaction of the services is an index of overall services in that hospital. This study is an attempt to evaluate the degree of satisfaction among the patients referring to the emergency rooms of the hospital of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences during fall and winter 2000.

 Methods: In this cross-sectional prospective study, 600 emergency patients referring to emergency rooms of Alavi, Fatemi, Buali and Aliasghar hospitals were selected. They filled a questionnaire. The data were analyzed by SPSS software.

 Results: The findings indicated that 78.1% of the whole subjects were generally satisfied with the services. The greatest degree of satisfaction belonged to specialty services (93.8%) and the physicians ’ and nurses ’ contact (92.3% and 91.8% respectively). The least degree of satisfaction belonged to hospital charges (40.2%), and unavailability of non-emergency drugs in hospital pharmacy (42.9%).

 Conclusions: According to the results of this study the medical centers need to offer more coverage of national health insurance services. Furthermore it seems necessary to equip these emergency rooms with round the clock pharmacies and provide the required drugs.

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 Background & Objectives: The unsatisfied demands of employees can present itself in different forms such as lower output, efficacy, effectiveness and aborted objectives of the organization. Periodic evaluation and investigation of the demands of staff can increase satisfaction and motivation among them.

 Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study stratified systematic sampling was used for selecting the employees both with and without academic education. The total sample size was 615. The data were collected by means of a two-section questionnaire and analyzed by EPI Info 2002 and SPSS (ver.11) statistical packages.

 Results: 23.2% the staff members were not satisfied with their job. 26.9% of those bearing an academic cerrtificate were not happy with their field of study. 63% of the personnel were not satisfied with the health authorities’ attitude towards their welfare state. There was a 51% dissatisfaction regarding the concern about the issues related to the staff. There was also a 44.2% of dissatisfaction among the staff members about the performance of the related deputies. 35.9% of the personnel were not satisfied with their manager about paying attention to their problems. The staff requirements were graded as follows: self-actualization, respectability, social belonging, security and physiologic needs. There was a reverse relation between the personnel satisfaction and level of management. The findings indicated that the staff were more satisfied with their direct manager (64%) compared with university administrations (49%). There was a significant relation between the personnel satisfaction and their level of education (p<0.05). The relation between satisfaction with organization performance and sex was not statistically significant. The findings indicated a significant relation between type of education and different levels of personnel’s needs. The relationship between satisfaction and Maslow’s hierarchy of needs was investigated using Chi-square test, which indicated a statistically significant relationship only between group D needs and job satisfaction (p<0.05).

 Conclusion: Staff satisfaction with university administrations of Ardabil university of medical sciences and health services was low. Moreover, the self-actualization and self-esteem needs were of high priority among the employees.

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 Background and Objectives: Emoployees' job satifaction (JS) is related to multiple factors and one of which is the personality factors. The present study was an attempt to find a relationship, if any, between personality and job satisfaction among Ardabil universities' staff.

 Methods: This descriptive study was conducted on 247 employees who were sampled from a population of 390 individuals working in Ardabil university of medical sciences, Mohaghegh Ardabil University and Islamic Azad University of Ardabil. Instruments used for data collection were Bren Rowiter personality test and standard job satisfaction test. The personality test evaluated neurosis, autism, introversion / extroversion, dominance, self confidence and socialization in the subjects.

 Results: The findings indicated that socialization and self confidence were the most common characteristics among the subjects. These employees enjoyed a moderate to high job satisfaction). Neuresis and dominance tendencies can predict the job satisfaction among the university staff. It was also shown that men had more dominance than women.

 Conclusion:�Since there was a positive correlation between self confidence and neurosis with JS, in order to promote JS, it is recommended to hold JT classes aiming to teach methods of controlling anger and improving self-confidence. Besides, the authorities in these universities should be taught to create a sense of respect in the employees rather than criticizing and blaming them. This can enhance self-confidence and improve JS among these employees.

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 Background and objectives: Every organization which is a provider of service or a product is always responsible for seeking clients^, comments as feedbacks so to identify the shortcomings and on the basis of their comments, plans can go through the growth and improvement. The present study, from the view of client tendency, is aimed at measuring the rate of Ardabil University of Medical sciences students’ satisfaction with the practices of faculties, educational management, student-cultural management and the counseling unit.

 Methods: In this descriptive study, 705 students from all faculties were questioned. The main instrument for data collection was a questionnaire in which, in order to assure the adequacy of the concept in, measurement, content validity was used and it was applied according to the comments of some instructors. To confirm the reliability of the questionnaire, 10 subjects were chosen and the questionnaires were distributed and then collected. After 15 days of interval from the first administration, the readministration on the same group was done and the reliability of the test became 0.86 using Alpha cronbach. The data in the first stage were investigated through descriptive statistical methods SPSS 13 and in the next stage in order to determine the difference between group comments, the independent T-Test and ANOVA were used.

 Results: None of the units of the university got scores above average and the two units of education in the faculties and education management got an average score from student satisfaction and the mean of other units was below average. Native students of the university were more satisfied with the faculties and educational management whereas the mean of nonnative students^, satisfaction was higher in student-cultural management and the counseling center.

 Conclusion: Student dissatisfaction with the func? of student-cultural management and the counseling unit is a shortcoming which requires the people in charge to take necessary measures to improve the quality of affairs.

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 Background and objectives: Employed pregnant women have to do their jobs in addition to fulfill their house wife role and behavior, while changes physical and psychological change and needs of pregnant women in home and work place cause some problem for them. Marital satisfactions is one of the criteria’s of mental health, that employment and marital intimacy are it’s influential factors it is different in various societies and are influenced by personal and social characters of community. This study was conducted to compare marital satisfaction and intimacy in employed and unemployed pregnant women in Ardabil.

  Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in 93 employed and 93 unemployed pregnant women referred to health and treatment centers of Ardebil University of Medical Science, and private clinics of Ardabil. We gathered data by an information form, Enrich Marital Satisfactions Questionnaires and Bagarozi Couple Intimacy Questionnaires. Validity of questionnaires assessed through validity of content and their reliability measured by Cronbach α . Questionnaires were filled by pregnant women. The data analyzed by SPSS 16 soft ware using T-Test, Man-vitny, chi-square, Correlation coefficient, variance analysis, and LSD tests).

  Results: There was no significant difference between mean of marital satisfaction and general intimacy in employed and unemployed pregnant women. p > 0.05. There was significant correlation between intimacy and satisfaction expect body intimacy (p < 0.01). There was significant difference between marital satisfactions of pregnancy in different trimester. This difference was significant between first and last trimester. It was not significant between first & second & third trimester. 69.9% of unemployed pregnant women and 66.7% of employed pregnant women had relative and medium marital satisfaction and 93.5% of unemployed pregnant women and 94.6% of employed pregnant women had medium intimacy.

  Conclusion: It seems that employment had no effect on marital satisfaction and intimacy. Considering that most samples had medium intimacy satisfaction, educational programs and consulting is recommended.

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  Background & Objectives : Due to rapid population growth, many activities performed to find ways to prevent pregnancy around the world. Vasectomy is one of the most effective contraceptive methods but despite the benefits, it's using incidence is very low. It is important to involve men in order to population control. This study was aimed to describe the experiences of a group of men who had vasectomy and their sexual satisfaction after Vasectomy.

  Methods: A combination of qualitative and quantitative study (Triangulation method) was used on forty men who had been vasectomized in the city of Ardabil before 2006. The method the thematic oral history was used. Questionnaire about sexual satisfaction after vasectomy was prepared and completed by sample subjects (101 people). The results were analyzed by SPSS software.

  Results: The following three descriptive categories were developed from the men's experiences: influencing factors for doing vasectomy outcomes of vasectomy vasectomized men as advisers of the procedure for other men.

  Frequency of intercourses in 65.4%, sexual desire in 64.4%, sexual pleasure in 59.4%, duration of sexual intercourse in 66.3% and sexual ability in 68.3% of subjects did not change after sterilization.

  Conclusion: Family planning programmes must consider the clients sociocultural background. During explanations about vasectomy, the dissemination of the experiences of vasectomised men could improve the confidence and interest of the men to the method and may promote men’s involvement in reproductive health.

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Background & objectives: Chronic illnesses are one of the most important causes of mortality. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between perfectionism and stress with life satisfaction in cardiovascular patients.
Methods: The research method is descriptive correlational. The statistical population of this study included patients who came to receive the services in Ardabil in the first half of 1396. The sample consisted of 60 cardiovascular patients who were selected by simple random sampling. Data was collected using questionnaires of perfectionism scale, stress scale and life satisfaction scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis using spss-19 software.
Results: The results showed that there is a significant negative relationship between perfectionism and life satisfaction. Also, there was a significant negative relationship between stress and life Satisfaction (p<0.01). In other words, with increasing stress, life satisfaction decreases. There is a multiplicity relationship between perfectionism and stress with life satisfaction (p<0.01).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that reducing the perfectionism and stress of individuals helps to increase the satisfaction of people from life and also effective in the process of treatment.
 

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Introduction & objectives: Marital satisfaction is a very important aspect of a couple's relationship that is affected by various factors such as cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the sexual satisfaction based on the left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF) in patients with coronary artery disease.
Methods: This descriptive  cross-sectional study was performed on 220 patients with acute coronary disease admitted to angiography ward of Shahid Beheshti Hospital of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2018. The data collection tools in this study included background and clinical information checklists and Larson's sexual satisfaction questionnaire. Data analysis was performed with chi-square, one-way ANOVA and univariate and multivariate regression test.
Results: The mean sexual satisfaction of all participants was 103.24±13.62. Their average sexual satisfaction in people with LVEF in range of >55%, 45-55%, 35-45% and <35% was 106.29±14.49, 105.95±10.12, 103.84±12.18 and 96.89±17.7 (p=0.041) respectively.
Conclusion: LVEF is an important factor in sexual satisfaction in patients with acute coronary disease and sexual satisfaction decreases by reducing of LVEF.