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 Background & Objectives: Dysmenorrhea is a common complaint among women, which is occasionally accompanied by gastro-intestinal problems. This study was designed to consider the therapeutical effects of vitamin E on gastro-intestinal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting and diarrhea due to primary dysmenorrhea.

 Methods: This was an experimental randomized study. A questionnaire was given to three hundred girl students suffering from primary dysmenorrhea. Then 128 girls who had gastro- intestinal symptoms accompyning dysmenorrhea entered the study. 69 subjects were assigned to case group and 59 to control group. From two days before the period until three days after it, four pills of vitamin E (400IU) daily were given to the case group and four chewing placebo were given to the control group as well, for four months. The data were analyzed by SPSS using Chi-square test.

 Results: The findings showed no significant difference between the two groups in terms of gastro-intestinal symptoms after two months of treatment. But after four months of treatment there was a significant difference in the gastro-intestinal symptoms between the two groups (p=0.001).

 Conclusions: Vitamin E is effective to be used after the second month of treatment to treat the gastro-intestinal symptoms in girls with primary dysmenorrhea.

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 Background & Objectives:�Primary Dysmenorrhea (PD) is common gynecology problem in women. It is defined as a menstrual pain that occur in absence of pelvic pathology. PD is common reason of women and girls’ absence from schoole. Pain is main complain of PD but other systemic symptoms like headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, irritability and dizziness are common. Many chemical drugs have been used to cure dysmenorrheal, but each has its own side effects.

  Cinnamomum zeylanicum has been used as an anti-spasmodic agent in traditional medicine .�

  Methods : This study was a placebo-control, triple blind and randomize clinical trial. We research. The efficacy of C. zeylanicum on severity of symptoms with PD Severity of symptoms were assessed. Data were collected by question validated questionnaires. The subjects of study were 47 single women, who sufrred from primay dysmenorrhes, They were randomly selected and their age use between 18-30 years old. We divided them two group, 26 case women in (treatment group) whom needed capsules contain C. zeylanicum and control group whom revided placebo capsules. administered as soon as onset of pain feeling or bleeding, five capsule a day and continued for minimum three days. Severity of systematic symptoms was assessed with Andersch & Milsom verbal multidimensional scoring system. Data were analyzed through by SPSS software.

  Results: The mean age of women in case and control groups were 20.69 ± 1.93 and 21.7+4.6. There was a significant differences (p<0.001) in the Severity of pain between two groups. The severity of all the systematic symptoms decreased in both groups, but this reduction was not significant between two groups. No significant difference was seen for systematic symptoms between twogroups. In this study, had not been observed any side effects by using of C. zeylanicum .

  Conclusion: The results our study should that C. zeylanicum�can be effective in reducing the severity of dysmenorrheal, but C. zeylanicum has no sufficient effect on relief of systematic symptoms accompanying with dysmenorrhea.

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  Background & Objectives: Regarding to high incidence of dysmenorrhea and influence on daily activities and fewer side effects of herbal medicines than chemical drugs, the aim of this study was to compare the effect of mefenamic acid and matricaria chamomilla (MC) on primary dysmenorrhea.

  Methods: This triple-blind randomized clinical trial study was done on 90 female students residents in dormitories of Kashan University of Medical Sciences in 2012. The subjects were categorized into two groups randomly. Mefenamic acid capsules (250 mg, every 8 hours) were given to the first group from 48 hours before menstruation until 24 hours after it. The second group received MC capsules made in Barij Essence Factory of Kashan (250 mg, every 8 hours). Severity of dysmenorrhea was measured by McGill ruler. Finally, the data were analyzed by SPSS. The chi-squire, fisher and paired t-test were used. The p-value of less than 0.05 was considered as statistically significant difference.

  Results: The result of this study indicated that both chamomilla and mefenamic acid can reduce the severity of pain and hemorrhage (p<0.05) but there was no significant difference between two groups (p>0.05).

  Conclusion: This study showed that matricaria chamomilla is effective in decreasing the severity of primary dysmenorrhea and reducing hemorrhage as well as mefenamic acid.

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  Background & objectives : Primary dysmenorrhea (PD) is a common gynecological problem in women. It is defined as a menstrual pain that occurs in absence of pelvic pathology. PD causes school absence and job restriction for many women and girls. Pain is the main complain of PD but other systemic symptoms like headache, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, fatigue, irritability and dizziness are common. Many chemical drugs have been used to manage dysmenorrhea, but most of them have side effects. Acupoint stimulation therapies, like acupressure, might be an effective intervention for primary dysmenorrhea. SP6 and Liv3 are two important acupoints to improve primary dysmenorrhea. The aim of this study was to compare the effect of acupressure in two points SP6 and Liv3 on primary dysmenorrhea.

  Methods: This is a single-blind, randomized clinical trial study. Severity of pain and symptoms were assessed at baseline and also after two menstrual cycles of the investigation using validated questionnaires. 94 non-married women between 18-30 years old, who suffered from primary dysmenorrhea, completed the study (n=50 Liv3, n=44 SP6). The SP6 group received 20 min of acupressure during the initial intervention session and educated to perform the technique twice a day, from 3-5 days before to third days of their menstrual cycle, for two cycles. In contrast, the Liv3 group, performed this method but on Liv3 acupoint. Severity of dysmenorrhea was assessed with Andersch and Milsom verbal multidimensional scoring system. In order to analysis of data, Friedman test and GEE statistics test were used.

  Results: In comparison with baseline, severity of pain in both treated groups decreased (p=0.001). But statistical significance was not observed between two groups.

  Conclusion: It seems that acupressure on SP6 and Liv3, without any preference, is effective to decrease of severity of pain of dysmenorrhea.

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Background & objectives: Treatment of dysmenorrhea in women is aimed to bring them to their normal condition. In the present study, the effect of mefenamic acid, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, was compared with that of transdermal glyceryl trinitrate (GTN) as a tocolytic drug in the management of primary dysmenorrhea.
Methods: A total of 160 nulliparous women aged 18-30 years with primary dysmenorrhea were included in this single blind, clinical trial, which was carried out from 2014 to 2015. The patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. At the beginning of menstruation cycle, the patients in group A received 500 mg oral mefenamic acid, followed by 250 mg mefenamic acid every 6 hours. The patients in group B initially were administered 2.5 mg transdermal glyceryl trinitrate 0.2% every 12 hours to the abdominal skin under the umbilical cord. Treatment was continued for up to 48 hours and repeated for three cycles. Pain scores were assessed by Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) every 4 hours. Adverse effects such as headache and gastrointestinal disorders were recorded. The decrease of pain scale was the primary outcome and adverse effects were the secondary outcome.
Results: The mean pain severity score in in the first 24-hours in mefenamic acid group was lower than that of the glyceryl trinitrate group (p=0.01). On the second day, the mean pain severity scores were not significantly different between the two groups. The mean pain severity scores in the second day of second cycle (p<0.001) and in the first day of third cycle (p=0.001) were significantly lower in mefenamic acid group than in glyceryl trinitrate group. The side effects were also higher in the glyceryl trisitrate group than in the mefenamic acid group, but this difference was not statistically significant. The most common complication was headache in the group receiving glyceryl trinitrate (18.75%) and nausea in the group receiving mefenamic acid (26.25%). The satisfaction rate was 42.2% in the patients receiving transdermal glyceryl trinitrate, while it was 78.5% in patients receiving mefenamic acid; therefore, the patients in the mefenamic acid group were more satisfied (p=0.004).
Conclusion: The analgesic effects of oral mefenamic acid were better than transdermal glyceryl trinitrate in the management of primary dysmenorrhea. The adverse effects of these two drugs were not significantly different, but the type of complications was different in both groups.