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Showing 2 results for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Khatere Seylani, Masoome Aghamohammadi, Khlil Rostami, Vadood Noroozi,
Volume 5, Issue 3 (9-2005)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Postoperative nausea and vomiting is the most common complication of anesthesia with an approximate prevalence of 30% up to 70% (in high risk patients). In recent years several articles have investigated the effects of antiemetic and anesthetic drugs on postoperative nausea and vomiting, but the nonpharmacological methods, which are cost-effective and have no side effects, are rare. Since it is essential for patients to be on fast before surgeries which require general anesthesia, occurrence of dehydration and extra cellular fluid volume deficit and subsequently nausea and vomiting are expected and anticipated. Thus in this study the effect of preoperative intravenous fluid on postoperative nausea and vomiting was explored. Methods: This clinical trial study was performed in two experimental and control groups, with 30 subjects in each. Experimental group were given a 1- liter bolus of intravenous normal saline preoperatively in addition to routine IV fluid. Finally the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting was observed and compared between two groups. Results : According to statistical tests, the differences between age, preoperative and postoperative NPO duration, use of antiemetics and the duration of hospitalization in two groups were statistically significant but the differences between other demographic variables and the volume of intraoperative intravenous fluid received during the surgery were not. Results showed that experimental group had significantly lower incidence of nausea and vomiting (20% and 10% respectively) in comparison with control group (50%). According to chi-square test, the rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting was significantly different in two groups. (p=0.015 and p=0.001 respectively) Also, preoperative NPO duration had significant relationship with postoperative vomiting (p= 0.05). Conclusion: Regarding the positive effect of intravenous fluid therapy on postoperative nausea and vomiting as a cost effective and harmless method in surgery, its use is recommended.
Masoud Entezariasl, Khatereh Isazadefar , Ghodrat Akhavanakbari,
Volume 7, Issue 3 (9-2007)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Postoperative nausea and vomiting are among the main complication after anesthesia and various methods are used for the prevention of this complication. In this study, the effect of the pre induction use of 10mg Metoclopramide’ 8 mg Dexamethasone and the combination of the both, on decreasing in the rate of nausea and vomiting after cataract surgery in intravenous anesthesia is compared with placebo. Methods: In this double blind clinical trial, one hundred patients of cataract surgery who are appropriate for this study were, randomly divided in to four groups. In the group of placebo (P), 2cc normal saline, in group (M), 10mg metoclopramide, in group (D), 8mg Dexamethasone, and in group (M+D), 10mg metoclopramide and 8 mg Dexamethasone, one minute before the induction of anesthesia was injected. Patients were received the anesthetic drugs in the sameway and after the tracheal intubation infusion of propofol was started. After the end of surgical operation, the appearance of nausea and vomiting in the recovery room and also 6 and 24 hours after the surgery are recorded in the patients' information forms. Finally the data were analysed by statistical software of SPSS and the statistical tests. Results: After the use of these drugs, the rate of nausea in the recovery room decreased from 44% in placebo to 20% in metoclopromide group, 16% in Dexamethasone group, and 8% in combination of metoclopromide and Dexamethasone and the rate of vomiting decreased from 20% in placebo group to 4% in metoclopromide group, 4% in Dexamethasone group, and 0% in combination of these two drugs, both the nausea and vomiting the effect of combination of metoclopromide and Dexamethasone in decreasing of postoperative mausea and vomiting was significant (P<0.05). The 24 hour following of nausea and vomiting, also had the same results. Conclusion: With regrard to the results of this study, implication of the combination of 10mg metoclopromide and 8mg Dexamethasone before the induction of anesthesia remarkably decreased the rate of postoperative nausea and vomiting and is useful for the high risk groups for this complication especially in out patient surgery.
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