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Showing 13 results for Oxidative Stress
Mohammad Mazani , Hasan Argani , Nadereh Rashtchizadeh , Mohammad Rohbaninoubar , Amir Ghorbanihagjo , Reza Mahdavi , Reza Razzaghi , Babak Rahimi Ardabily , Seyedjamal Ghaemmaghami ,
Volume 6, Issue 3 (9-2006)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A great amount of evidence shows that Oxidative stress is high among hemodialysis patients. The purpose of present investigation is examination of the effect of zinc supplementation on improvement of oxidative stress in chronic hemodialysis patients. Methods: In this double blind clinical trial 65 chronic hemodialysis patients were studied in two groups Group one (35 patients) received placebo and group two (30 patients) received 100 mg elemental zinc (as zinc sulfate) daily for 2 months. The placebo and supplement discontinued in next 2 months. Then, the study continued for two other months in the cross-over from. The levels of serum zinc, total glutathione, malondialdehyde (MDA), total serum antioxidant capacity and the activity of whole blood superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined on 0th, 60th,120th,180th days, in fasting, predialysis samples. Food record was recorded for one day prior to dialysis in above-mentioned days and their dietary zinc was assessed. Results: Basal serum zinc levels in both groups were below 80 μ g/dl. The zinc upplementation led to significant increase in the levels of serum zinc in both groups .The levels of serum total antioxidant capacity, total glutathione and activity of whole blood SOD increased significantly during zinc supplementation period. The concentrations of serum MDA decreased significantly in zinc supplementation period in both groups. During the placebo period the levels of MDA in first group increased significantly, whereas the concentration of glutathione in second group decreased significantly. The body mass index (BMI) values did not change significantly during the study. Conclusion: It can be concluded that in patients undergoing hemodialysis the oxidative stress enhanced during nonsupplementation period (zinc sulfate). Low serum zinc levels are improved by zinc administration and zinc supplementation improves oxidative stress.
Reza Mahdavi , Ali Nemati , Eiraj Feizi, Mojtaba Amani , Hosein Alimohammadi Asl, Mohammad Mazani M, Phd4; Nagizadeh Bagi , Abbas , Ali Shadman , Reza Alipanah Mogadam, Asghar Pirzadeh, Mousa Ghayour Nahand,
Volume 11, Issue 2 (6-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Consumption of ω3 fatty acids supplementation inhibits oxidative stress injury, increases activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreases lipid peroxidation in gastric cancer patients. In this study, we examined effects of ω-3 fatty acid intakes on oxidative stress in gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: This double blind clinical trial study was conducted on 30 adult patients (15 cases and 15 controls) with gastric cancer during chemotherapy in Ardabil city in 2010. Case and control groups were selected by randomized allocation. Three grams ω -3 fatty acid supplementation (1.8 g EPA & 1.2 g DHA in 10 g fish oil) and placebo were given case and control groups for 45 days, respectively. Anthropometric indices (weight, height & BMI) were measured. Blood samples were taken and then biochemical factors including triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, MDA, and total antioxidants were evaluated at the beginning, middle and end of the study . The data were analyzed by using Paired sample t-test, Independent sample t-test and repeated measures test. Results: MDA, Weight and BMI of omega group after intervention were significantly more than control group at the end of the study (p<0.05). Weight and BMI were decreased but serum MDA was significantly increased in control group during the study (p<0.05). Weight, BMI , and total antioxidants were significantly increased in omega group during day 30-45, (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in other biochemical factors at the end of study. Conclusion: The present investigation shows administration of ω3 fatty acid supplements to gastric cancer patients during chemotherapy increases the total antioxidants capacity and prevents the enhancement of oxidative stress.
Reza Alipanahmogadam , Mohammad Mazani , Abbas Naghizadeh Baghi, Ali Nemati, Mojtaba Amani , Bahman Bashardoost, Amir Mansour Vatankhah , Shahab Bohlooli,
Volume 11, Issue 3 (9-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Several evidences show that oxidative stress is high among patients with hemodialysis . This study was aimed to investigate the oxidative stress and serum level of zinc and copper in patients with non-diabetic hemodialysis . Methods: In a case-control study, 60 patients with non-diabetic hemdialysis referred to hemodialysis section, Ardabil Bou-Ali hospital, and 60 healthy individuals, matched by age and sex, were selected. In each group, lipid profile, blood glucose, creatinine, urea, total protein, albumin, zinc, copper, malondialdehyde, total antioxidant capacity, activity of glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase were measured. The results were analyzed statistically by using Pearson correlation coefficient and Student-t test. Results: The amount of zinc, blood sugar, cholesterol, triglyceride, total protein, albumin, high density lipoprotein-C and low density lipoprotein-C were significantly lower in patients with hemodialysis in comparison with those in normal individuals. T he activity of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase in red blood cells and serum total antioxidant capacity were significantly high in patients in comparison with those in control group. However, serum concentrations of copper and malondialdehyde in two groups were not statistically different. Conclusion : The results of this study show that increase of antioxidant enzymes activity reduces the oxidative stress status in patients with non-diabetic hemodialysis . Zinc deficiency was also observed in these patients.
Sara Rahbar, Naser Ahmadiasl,
Volume 12, Issue 3 (9-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Numerous studies have been conducted to assess the effects of acute resistance exercises on the structure and the function of heart, but little works done on effects of chronic resistance exercises. So, the objective of current study was to investigate the long term effect of regular exercises on cardiac function and oxidative stress. Methods: Forty male Wistar rats in the weight range of 250- 300 g were used in this study. They were divided in 2 following groups: The 3 months exercises test group and control group which remained without exercises. Regular resistive exercise was carried out according to the model proposed by Tamaki et al. Test group rats exercised for three months. Finally the hearts of 10 rats in each group were taken for homogenization, oxidative stress measurement and the other ten were examined for heart function. Malondialdhyde as an index of oxidative stress and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxides and catalase as an indicator of antioxidant capacity with special kits were specifically measured. Results: Regular resistive exercise didn't significantly affect the rats' weight, but heart weight in exercise group showed a significant increase (p<0.05). There was a significant decrease in heart rate in exercise group (p<0.05). Left ventricle contraction strength and coronary flow had a significant increase in exercise group in comparison with control group (p<0.05). There was not any significant difference in Malondialdhyde and antioxidant enzymes activity. Conclusion: This study showed that, heart efficiency had a significant improvement under effect of regular resistive exercise. Meanwhile, regular resistive exercise didn’t have any significant effect on oxidative stress and heart antioxidant defense capacity.
Ali Shadmanfard, Ali Nemati , Abbas Naghizadeh Baghi, Mohammad Mazani,
Volume 12, Issue 5 (11-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The intake of antioxidant supplementations can have key role in prevention of oxidative stress in healthy individuals. Pomegranate has antioxidant effects and may play a role in reduction of oxidative stress in healthy males. Therefore, this study examined the effect of pomegranate juice supplementation on oxidative stress in young healthy males. Methods : In semi-experimental study, 14 healthy students living in Dormitories of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences were included. Subjects were given one cup of pomegranate juice supplementation per day for two weeks . Fasting blood samples were taken both at the start and the end of 2-week period to measure the antioxidant enzyme activities such as superoxide dismutase , glutathione peroxidase , paraoxonase - 1, aryl esterase , and the values of serum total antioxidant capacity , glutathione, and lipid profiles . Data were analyzed using descriptive and paired t - test s. Results: T he level of serum total antioxidant capacity and activities of enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, arylesterase, and standardized arylesterase activity were significantly increased at the end of two weeks (p<0.05). The serum level of malondialdehyde was significantly decreased after intervention (p<0.05). Changes were not significant, although the serum levels of glutathione and HDL- cholesterol increased and LDL- cholesterol decreased at the end of two weeks period. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that the pomegranate juice supplementation had beneficial effects in helping body's antioxidant defense system and reduction of oxidative stress in young healthy males . This study suggests that the pomegranate juice supplementation can be useful against oxidative stress included in dietaries of young healthy males.
Mostafa Nachvak , Sheida Ahani Kamangar , Ali Nemati , Saeid Sadeghieh Ahari ,
Volume 14, Issue 2 (7-2014)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Epidemiological and experimental evidences suggest that oxidative stress is elevated in children with Down syndrome (DS). Some studies show that consumption of diets with a high content of fruits and vegetables results in a significant reduction in markers of oxidative stress. We investigated the frequency of fruits and vegetables intake in children with DS and the influence of variations in the level of this consumption on biomarkers of oxidative stress . Methods: Frequency of consumption of fruit and vegetables by children with DS were recorded by interview with the children’s parents. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) and urinary 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) were also measured as biomarkers of oxidative stress. Data analysed using ANOVA and Student’s t-tests . Results : Mean consumption of fruits and vegetables was 4.6 and 0.74 servings per week, respectively. No significant relationships were found between consumption of fruits and vegetables with markers of oxidative stress. Based on our findings, the 65.9 % of the children did not eat any vegetables and the rest of the children consumed less than one serving per day. There was a significant correlation between the frequency of fruits and vegetable consumption (r=0.212 p <0.04). Conclusion : There wasn’t any significant relationship between fruits and vegetables consumption and indicators of oxidative stress in children with DS. This lack of correlation could be due to low consumption of fruits and vegetables in children with DS.
Farnaz Seifi-Skishahr, Arsalan Damirchi , Manoochehr Farjaminezhad , Parvin Babaei ,
Volume 15, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The “redox” state represents the oxidation/reduction potential within the cell in a way that more “redox” is the marker of health, while the more oxidized reflects predisposition to diseases. Different types of exercise training may change the thiol/disulfide ratio of redox couples such as glutathione and represent a shift in redox balance. This study was assessed the influence of high-intensity aerobic exercise on glutathione redox state in red blood cells in professional, recreational athletes and nonathletes.
Methods: Ten voluntary well trained (WT), moderately trained (MT) and untrained men subjectswere randomly selected for this semi-experimental study (mean ages of 21.10±1.72 21.70±1.88 and 20.10±1.44, respectively). Blood samples were collected before, immediately, 10 min and 30 min after acute aerobic exercise with 75%VO2max. The levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and (GSH/GSSG) in red blood cells (RBCs) as well as serum levels of cortisol and creatine kinase (CK) were measured.
Results: The results showed reduction, elevation and no changes in RBCs GSH/GSSG ratio in UT, MT and WT groups, respectively. The lowest levels of GSH/GSSG ratio in RBCs and the highest one were detected in the WT and MT groups, respectively. The serum levels of cortisol and creatine kinase were increased following the exercise in three groups.
Conclusion: It is concluded that acute aerobic exercise with high intensity does not change redox balance in well trained subjects, however it is capable to shift redox balance towards more reducing environment in moderately trained subjects and also to more oxidizing one in untrained subjects.
K Tahmasebi, M Jafari, F Izadi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (7-2015)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Diazinon (DZN) as an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture is associated with reducing the antioxidant capacity of the cell. Use of thiol compounds such as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) as an antioxidant decreases oxidative stress in the cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NAC as an antioxidant against DZN- induced oxidative stress in rat brain and heart.
Methods: In present experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups including: control group (corn oil as DZN solvent), DZN group (100 mg/kg), NAC group (160 mg/kg), and NAC+DZN, all of which were given intraperitoneally. 24 hours after injection, animals were anesthetized by ether, and the brain and heart tissues were quickly removed. After tissues hemogenation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by biochemical methods.
Results: DZN increased SOD and GST activities and MDA level and decreased LDH activity and GSH content in brain and heart. Also, DZN increased CAT activity in the heart and increased it in the brain. Administration of NAC inhibited the change in these parameters.
Conclusion: DZN through free radical production leads to enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation, depleted GSH content and oxidative stress induction in the brain and the heart. Administration of NAC as antioxidant decreases the DZN-induced oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and GSH synthesis, but its protection is not complete.
Bahador Karimi, Zohreh Ghotbeddin, Seyed Reza Fatemi Tabatabaei ,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (1-2016)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Zinc as one of the most important trace elements is needed for proper functioning of the nervous system and homeostasis. Many studies show that stress causes memory impairment through various mechanisms, including oxidative stress induction and some mechanisms which are directly effecting brain function. So, in this work we assessed the effect of zinc chloride on passive avoidance memory and oxidative stress following acute stress in male rats.
Methods: In this study, 50 male Wistar rats were used in five groups: control, sham, stress, zinc chloride treatment and zinc chloride treatment before stress induction. For stress induction, rats were restrained (not immobilized) for 6 h/day, 7 days in a Plexiglas restrainer, and treated rats received an oral dose of zinc chloride 32 mg/kg/day by gavage for 6 days. At the end of the experiment, passive avoidance memory was avaluated by shuttle box and some oxidative damage markers were determined in all groups.
Results: Results of this study showed that animals which were exposed to stress showed a significant decrease in passive avoidance memory compared to control group (p<0.01) and the oxidative stress parameters in this group showed significant changes compared to the control group (p<0.05). While passive avoidance memory and oxidative stress parameters in group treated with zinc chloride were nearly closed to control group.
Conclusion: According to our results, zinc chloride with antioxidant properties can have a protective effect on memory impairment and oxidative stress induced by stress.
Keyvan Amirshahrokhi , Shahab Bohlooli , Mohammad Yousefi ,
Volume 18, Issue 3 (10-2018)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The purpose of this study was to show the dose response relationship of anti-inflammatory effect of methylsulfonylmethane (MSM) on carrageenan induced rat paw edema as an acute model of inflammation.
Methods: A total of 54 male, Sprague-Dawley rats, weighing 180-190 g, were used. One hundred, 200, 400, 800 and 1200 mg/kg of MSM were administered intraperitoneally to the rats 30 minutes before induction of paw edema with injection of 0.1% carrageenan. Diclofenac was used as a control drug. Rats were divided into three groups: MSM, diclofenac and normal saline, and their paw tissue were collected for the study of inflammatory and oxidative markers (MDA, GSH, TNF-α and IL-1 β). The relationship between the different concentrations of MSM and decrease in rat paw edema was calculated using a simple Emax model.
Results: the ED50 value for effect of MSM on carrageenan induced rat paw edema was 193±9.7 mg/kg. A significant reduction in paw edema following administration of MSM at 200, 400, 800 and 1200 mg/kg was observed, but statistical analysis did not reveal any significant reduction in paw edema after administration of 100 mg/kg. MSM did not show statistically significant difference from control group in tissue level of GSH, but it was able to decrease MDA level significantly. MSM was able to significantly alleviate IL-1 β and TNF-alpha tissue levels.
Conclusion: The recommended anti-inflammatory dosing range of MSM is 200-800 mg/kg for pharmacological studies in rats and the average appropriate dose is 400 mg/kg. Also, it seems that anti-inflammatory effect of MSM is more profound than its anti-oxidant effects.
Farnaz Seyfi Askshahr, Mojdeh Khajehlandi,
Volume 20, Issue 3 (10-2020)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Based on the probably positive role of exercise on total oxidative status (TOS) and total antioxidant system (TAS) and their effect on the process of angiogenesis, the aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of one course of moderate-intensity endurance training on the gene expression level of vascular endothelial growth factor-B (VEGF-B) and angiopoietin-1(ANGPT-1) and TAS and TOS status in cardiac tissue of male rats.
Methods: In this study, 20 male Wistar rats were divided into two equal groups as follows: 1-training group and 2- control group: no sports activities were performed on them. Rats in the training group performed moderate endurance training for 6 weeks and 5 sessions per week from the twelfth week of life. Twenty-four hours after the last training session, heart tissue samples were extracted to measure gene expression levels of VEGF-B and ANGPT-1 and the TAS and TOS status in heart tissues. T-test with the statistical level of (p˂0.05) was used for between groups comparison.
Results: Findings showed that after six weeks of endurance training, the expression level of ANGPT-1 and VEGF-B and the amount of TAS in the exercise group significantly increased (p=0.001) and the amount of TOS significantly decreased compared to the control group (p=0.008).
Conclusion: According to the results of the present study, it seems that moderate-intensity endurance training can be effective in preventing cardiovascular disease by increasing factors involving in angiogenesis, improving TAS and reducing TOS in heart tissue of rats.
Mohammadreza Nasirzadeh, Seyedsajjad Hejazi, Mohammad Bakhshi, Saeed Taginasab, Heidar Tayefesattari, Pouya Navidi Far,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (1-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Vincristine (VIN) is a broad-spectrum anticancer drug has been used to treat various cancers. Resveratrol (Res) is a natural polyphenol found in many plant sources. Many studies have reported anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects of resveratrol. We have explored the protective effect of resveratrol on vincristine-induced oxidative stress in mouse ovarian tissue.
Methods: In this study, 32 female mice weighing 25-30 grams were randomly divided into four groups (each group n=8): 1- control group, 2- Vin- group, 3- Vin-Res group and 4- Res group. The mice received a single IP injection of vincristine (3 mg/kg) weekly for 4 weeks. Res treatment was done 28 days by gastric gavage (daily 30 mg/kg).At the end of the study, Malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and the antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) enzymes were measured in ovarian tissue and uterus of the studied animals. Also, ovarian follicles were counted.
Results: The results indicated that the MDA level was elevated and TAC, GPx as well as SOD activities were decreased in Vin- group significantly. Resveratrol reduced MDA level and increased GPx and SOD activities in Vin-Res group significantly. Also histological findings showed that Res increased primordial and primary follicles and reduced atretic follicles in Vin-Res group significantly.
Conclusions: These results indicate the protective effect of resveratrol on ovarian and uterine tissue against oxidative damage of vincristine in mice
Parisa Habibi, Hadi Yousefi, Mehdi Khazaei, Mohammad Zarei, Iraj Salehi, Reza Jamali Delfan, Simin Afshar,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Menopause and especially acute menopause due to surgery is associated with many complications in women. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of genistein and regular swimming exercise (alone/or in combination) on pain through a possible mechanism of inflammation and oxidative stress in ovariectomized rats.
Methods: In this study, rats were divided into six groups, including: control, sham, ovariectomy (OVX), ovariectomized with eight weeks of swimming exercise training (OVX.E), ovariectomized with eight weeks of genistein administration (OVX.G), and ovariectomized with eight weeks of combined treatment (OVX.G.E). The effects of genistein and/or exercise were evaluated by examining the pain intensity with tail-flick and formalin tests. The serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were also evaluated by ELISA and spectrophotometer.
Results: In the OVX group compared to the control group, tail-flick and formalin tests showed an increase in pain response. Also, a significant increase in the serum levels of IL-1β, TNF-α, MDA, TOS and a decrease in TAC was observed in the OVX group, however, in the OVX.E, OVX.G and especially OVX.E.G groups, pro-inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress as well as pain responses showed a significant decrease compared to the OVX group.
Conclusion: A combination of genistein and regular swimming exercise was synergistically more effective in reducing acute and chronic pain than using them alone in the postmenopausal period.
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