Background & Objective: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) develop as recognition and defense against malignant cells by the host immune system. T cells are the most tumor infiltrating immune cells. There are controversial data about intratumor T cells and many have proposed diverse mechanisms for dysfunction of TILs. The aim of this study is analyzing Tumor Infiltrating T lymphocytes in patients with breast cancer by immunophenotyping.

 Methods: Sixteen women suffering from breast cancer were examined thirteen of them were confirmed histologically to be invasive ductal carcinoma (IDC). Tissue samples from patients and matched control group were processed for analysis by flow cytometry.

 Results: Results indicated that human breast cancer contain variable numbers of TILs. No significant changes in the percent of intratumor CD45⁺, CD3⁺ and CD3⁺/CD45⁺ cells were observed between studied group. Also there were no significant differences between cancer patients (group 1 and 2) and control group in the case of infiltration and activation status of T cells subpopulations. CD4⁺ cells in IDC patients and CD8⁺ cells in patients with other tumors (ILC+AMC) were the most infiltrated TILs. Intratumor TCD8⁺ cells expressed HLA-DR markers significantly more than CD25 as activation marker. In this investigation we could not find any correlation between TIL and both size and clinical stages of tumor.

 Conclusion: An immune infiltrate is an invariable finding in breast cancers, with considering the activation marker expression, TIL may be activated, albeit partially. Understanding the insensitive and/or suppressive nature of cancer cells to the immune system may provide important insights into tumor escape mechanisms as well as the development of anti-cancer strategies.

Background & objectives: Early diagnosis of preeclampsia and its severity in pregnant women is greatly important for controlling this disease and preventing subsequent dangers for mother and the fetus. Current study is conducted to assess neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a determining factor for the severity of the disease in patients with preeclampsia referring to Sabalan hospital, Ardabil.

Methods: This was a case control study on 50 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia (group 1), 50 pregnant women with mild preeclampsia (group 2), and 50 healthy pregnant women (group 3). The groups were homogenized for basic variants including age, gestational age, mean BMI, gravid and parity. Required information including age, gestational week, BMI, gravid, parity, 24-hour urine protein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and NLR were obtained and analyzed.

Results: The NLR was significantly higher in women with severe preeclampsia compared with mild preeclampsia (p=0.031) and healthy women (p<0.001). NLR did not show difference between mild preeclampsia and healthy women (p=0.209). Significant positive correlation was also observed between NLR and proteinuria (p<0.0001, r=0.558), systolic blood pressure (p=0.0026, r=0.244), and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0028, r=0.242).

Conclusion: This study showed that maternal NLR can be used as a marker for preeclampsia severity.