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Showing 3 results for Immunotherapy
Kamal Yavari,
Volume 11, Issue 4 (12-2011)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Antibody-based radiopharmaceutical drugs are the great current interest in imaging and radiotherapy of cancers, and provide an important tool for target-specific delivery of radionuclides to specific antigens in the diseased tissues. The monoclonal antibody avastin binds, neutralizes VEGF (Vascular endothelial growth factor) and blocks VEGF-induced angiogenesis in tumor tissues. In this study, the complex of avastin and beta particle was investigated as a first step in the production of a radiopharmaceutical drug. Methods: Antibody of avastin was prepared and purified. The antibody was conjugated with freshly prepared DOTA-NHS and then labeled with 153Sm-samarium chloride (185 MBq). The efficiency and in vitro stability of antibody labeling were determined using thin layer chromatography. The integrity of the radiolabeled antibody was checked by SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate PolyAcrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) protocol. Biodistribution study of 153Sm-DOTA –Avastin was performed in BALB/c mice at 2, 24, 48 and 72 hours after injection. Results: The efficiency of antibody labeling was more than 98%. The in vitro stability of the labeled product in human serum after 120h was 83 ±2%. There was no fragmentation in the labeled antibody during SDS-PAGE protocol. The highest (%ID/g) was observed in the liver, lungs and kidneys. Conclusion: The monoclonal antibody avastin against angiogenesis was effectively radiolabeled with 153Sm. The Biodistribution study showed that it has a high specificity to accumulation in tissues with enriched blood vessels.
Kamal Yavari , Mohammad Ghannadi,
Volume 12, Issue 2 (6-2012)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: The monoclonal antibody cetuximab binds to EGFR and thus provides an opportunity to create both imaging and therapeutic modalities that target this receptor. The potential of cetuximab as a radioimmunoconjugate was investigated and quality control tests (in vitro and in vivo) were performed as a first step in the production of a new radiopharmaceutical. Methods : Cetuximab solution was dialyzed and concentrated using an Amicon Ultra-15 filter. Purified antibody was labeled with lutetium-177 using the acyclic bifunctional chelator, DOTA-NHS, and radioimmunoconjugates were purified by PD10 columns. Radiochemical purity and stability in buffer and human blood serum were determined using thin layer chromatography. Integrity of the radiolabeled complex was checked by SDS-PAGE. Preliminary biodistribution studies in normal mice model performed to determine radioimmunoconjugates distribution up to 72h. Results: The radiochemical purity of the complex was 98±1%. The stabilities in phosphate buffer and in human blood serum at 96 hours post-preparation were 96±2 % and 78±4%, respectively. All of the samples, controls and radiolabeled antibodies, showed a similar pattern of migration in the gel electrophoresis. Biodistribution of Lu177-cetuximab was evaluated in normal mice and the highest ID/g% was observed in the blood (13.2±1.3% at 24 hours) and the liver (9.1±1.3% at 24 hours). Conclusion: Our results show that DOTA-cituximab can be labeled with 177Lu. Lu177-cetuximab has sufficient stability and retains its integrity. The new complex could be considered for further evaluation in animals and possibly in humans as a new radiopharmaceutical for use in radioimmunotherapy of cancers.
Leili Aghebati-Maleki, Ali Aghebati-Maleki, Ali Fotouhi, Sanam Nami,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common cause of invasive candidiasis, but in recent years the incidence of infections caused by other species such as Candida Kruzei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis and Candida lusitania has increased. In the last decade, the treatment methods for invasive candidiasis have changed completely, and a successful treatment depends on the timely start of treatment, the selection of an effective drug, and the lack of resistance of the fungus to that particular drug. On the other hand, the widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs as well as organ transplants has all caused widespread problems in the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Together, these observations highlight a rationale for the immediate development of new immunotherapy methods to enhance antifungal therapy in immunocompromised hosts. The past decade has seen great advances in our understanding of fungal immunobiology, leading to a number of new molecular and cellular immunotherapy methods for invasive fungal infections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the common and new antifungal drugs in the treatment of invasive candidiasis and to discuss the role of immunotherapy in better prevention and control of the disease.
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