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Background & objectives: The adjacent of residential buildings in the countryside with livestock causes external parasites to be transferred easily and feed on the human hosts. Due to fleas haematophagus nature they are able to transfer pathogens from animal to animal or animal to human and thus they are considered as zoonotic pathogens. Therefore, identification of fleas is necessary.

Methods: In the present study 30 infested people with biting signs and 800 sheep and goats were investigated. About 50 fleas from infested people and 160 from animals were collected. Samples were cleared with KOH and recognized based on proper identification keys.

Results: Based on the results it seems that sheep and goats were infested with Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans. Out of the 160 studied fleas from sheep and goats 118 (73.7%) were identified as C. canis and 42 (26.3%) as P. irritans. Out of 50 collected fleas from infested people 43 (86%) were identified as C. canis and 7 (14%) as P. irritans.

Conclusion: The present report is the first report of man infestation with canine fleas or C. canis. According to climate condition and employment of most of villagers to traditional animal husbandry, it seems that there is a proper condition for external parasites (such as fleas) growth and proliferation. Therefore, studies based on infestation identification and report can be considered for control strategic programs.

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Background & objectives:  Fleas are clinically important parasites for affecting human health. These insects are carriers of some pathogens such as Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia typhi, Q fever, Tularemia and Bartonella henselae which are infectious for humans and animals. The aim of this cross –sectional study was to detection of Rickettsia, Bartonella and Wolbachia pathogens in infected Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans using molecular method in West and Northwest of Iran.
Methods: The present study is a, descriptive, cross-sectional study (prevalence rate=10%, confidence level=95%,  error rate=5%) which  performed on samples collected from five provinces including  Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Azerbaijan Western, Lorestan and Hamedan for 13 months from May 2018 to June 2019. In this study, samples were collected by optical trap, human prey and direct isolation of the sample from the host and identified in the parasitology laboratory using valid diagnostic keys. The prevalence of Rickettsia, Bartonella and Wolbachia in the collected samples was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplification and sequencing of gltA, pap31 and 16SrRNA genes were used for molecular diagnosis of  Rickettsia, Bartonella, and Wolbachia respectively.
Results: The collected samples included 918(47.39%) fleas of C.canis and 1019 (52.60%) fleas of P.irritant. The PCR products of each gene was subject to sequencing. In this study, 12.9% , 5.21% and 5.21% of fleas were positive for  Wolbachia , Rickettsia and Bartonella, respectively .
Conclusion: Bartonella, Rickettsia and Welbachia are vector borne infectious agent. Due to their high pathogenicity and easily transmission among insect and human, monitoring of insects is essential for the controlling of the infection and preserving the public health in endemic area.