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Background & objectives: Paraquat is a toxic herbicide that is widely used in many countries. Paraquat selectively accumulates in the lung tissue and leads to severe pulmonary injury through the oxidative and inflammatory processes. The plant Rosa canina L. has been used for long years as an herbal medicine throughout the world. Rosa canina L. is a member of Rosacea family and shows therapeutic effects against numerous disorders by its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The aim of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effect of Rosa canina fruits on the paraquat induced lung injury in a mouse model.
Methods: Animal experiments were performed on male NMRI mice. Paraquat was injected at a single dose (20 mg/kg, ip) to induce pulmonary damage in mice. The extract of Rosa canina fruits (200 and 400 mg/kg/day, orally) administered by gavage for four days after the injection of paraquat. The treated mice were compared to normal mice as a control group. At the end of the experiment, lung tissue samples were collected for biochemical analysis.
Results: The results showed that administration of paraquat caused an oxidant-antioxidant imbalance in the lung tissue. However, treatment with Rosa canina increased the levels of glutathione (GSH) and catalase (CAT) antioxidants and decreased the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the lung tissues compared with those in the paraquat group.
Conclusion: Treatment of paraquat-exposed mice with the extract of Rosa canina fruits improved oxidant-antioxidant balance in the lung tissue of mice. In other words, the present study demonstrated that Rosa canina has remarkable antioxidant effects against paraquat induced oxidative damage.
 

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Background & objectives: Research on intelligent nanomaterials that accelerate the process of nerve regeneration and treatment by different methods such as antioxidant effects, stimulation of nerve cell proliferation, modulation of the immune system and inflammatory factors is great importance. The aim of this study was to prepare cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles and evaluate its antioxidant and cytotoxicity effects on PC12 cell line.
Methods: Cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles were prepared and their structural properties were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To evaluate the antioxidant properties of the compounds, free radical trapping methods 2 and 2 diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl were used. Cell viability in the presence of compounds was measured by a toxicity test (MTT) [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: FTIR spectra and TEM images showed the processing of nanoparticles with an average size of less than 100 nm with cinnamon coating on their surface. Also, the antioxidant capacity of cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles was significantly higher (*p<0.038) than extracts and nanoparticles alone at similar concentrations. Evaluation the results of cytotoxicity showed that the lowest toxicity was observed in the cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles group.
Conclusion: Results showed higher antioxidant properties and low cytotoxic effects of cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles compared to other groups, which leads to better efficacy, proliferation, longer cell survival, its green synthesis and coverage by cinnamon