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Showing 34 results for Malek
Abbas Yazdanbod, Afshin Hooshyar, Rasool Nemati, Nasrollah Maleki, Gholamreza Hamidkholgh,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Winter 2013)
Abstract
Eosinophilic gastroenteritis is a rare disease characterized by focal or diffuse eosinophilic infiltration of the gastrointestinal system. The clinical presentation is depending on the involved area and its extension into the layers of the gastrointestinal tract. We repor ted a case of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in the setting of cryptogenic cirrhosis which initially appeared as a tumoral obstruction of the 3rd portion of duodenum which is relieved by surgical bypass and two years later presented as eosinophilic ascitis. The patient was treated with corticosteroid with full absorption of ascitis.
Mohammadreza Behvarz , Masoud Maleki , Mohammadreza Mashayekhi ,
Volume 14, Issue 4 (winter 2014)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Adult stem cells are undifferentiated cells that replace dead or injured cells. There are adult stem cells in some regions of human tissues and hair follicle is one of the tissues that have adult stem cell source and these cells have an important role in hair life cycle. In this study, we investigated the isolation of hair follicle stem cells (HFSCs) and expression of mesenchymal stem cell markers on the isolated cells. Methods : Human hair follicles obtained from men scalp tissue by micro punch technique. Hair follicles isolated and cultured in culture flasks in DMEM-F12 + FBS. After outgrowth of stem cells from hair bulges, they analyzed by flow cytometry for detection of stem cell markers. Results: 23 to 27 days after isolation and culture of HFSCs in uncoated cell culture flasks, cell surface markers expression studied by flow cytometry. Flow cytometric analysis showed 25.26% Stro-1, 50.85% CD90, 45.24% CD105, 61.20% CD44, 8.20% CD45, 11.86% CD146, 2.72% CD106, 7.21% CD166 and 26.74% CD19 expression in HFSCs. Conclusion: In this study, isolated stem cells significantly expressed some of the mesenchymal stem cell markers higher than other markers. These markers give certain characteristics to HFSCs, and introduce the cells as an alternative option for cell therapy, tissue engineering and regenerative medicine.
َarash Mehri Pirayvatlo , Reza Alipanah-Moghadam , Mohammad Mazani, Farideh Manafi, Vadood Malekzadeh, Ali Nemati, Abbas Naghizadeh Baghi ,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (winter 2016)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Iron overload is involved in the pathophysiology of many diseases including diabetes. In fact, the excess iron by creating free radicals makes damage to pancreas and leads to insulin resistance and diabetes. Andrographolide extract has hypoglycemic and antioxidant properties. This study has surveyed the effects of andrographolide on blood glucose and lipid profile in rats with secondary iron overload.
Methods: In this experimental study, 36 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: the healthy control group, secondary iron overload group, secondary iron overload groups treated with a dose of 3.5 and 7 mg/kg of andrographolide extract, and andrographolide groups treated with a dose of 3.5 and 7 mg/kg of extract. Iron and extract were injected for 6 and 12 days, respectively. Blood samples were taken for measurement of blood glucose and lipid profiles. Data were analyzed using ANOVA test.
Results: The pathological results of samples from liver of animals receiving iron showed that the iron was deposited in the liver tissues. Iron injection significantly increased blood glucose levels compared to healthy control group (p<0.05). In the iron overload group, andrographolide extract with a dose of 3.5 mg/kg or 7 mg/kg significantly decreased blood glucose levels (p<0.05). Iron injections did not increase the serum triglyceride and cholesterollevels. Injections of andrographolide extract with a dose of 3.5 mg/kg and 7 mg/kg, significantly decreased the cholesterol levels compared to iron receiving group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Results of this study showed that the andrographolide with different doses may be effective in the treatment of diabetes by reducing serum glucose and cholesterol levels.
Reza Alipanah_moghadam , Sara Hosseinzadeh, Ali Nemati, Abbas Naghizadeh Baghi , Vadood Malekzadeh,
Volume 17, Issue 2 (summer 2017)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The relationship between dietary patterns and esophageal cancer has not been documented yet. However, recent studies have shown that the Western dietary pattern is associated with an increased risk of esophageal cancer. The current study was performed a comparative evaluation of the food habits and serum nitrate level in patients with esophageal cancer and healthy individuals in Gorgan city.
Methods: In a case-control study, 44 patients with esophageal cancer (the case group) and 44 healthy subjects (control group) were selected for one year in Gorgan city. Anthropometric factors were measured, and then demographic and dietary data were recorded using general and food frequency questionnaires (FFQs), respectively. Fasting blood samples from both groups were collected to measure serum nitrate levels. Data were analyzed by independent t-test, Chi-square, Fisher, and Monte Carlo tests.
Results: the mean weight, body mass index (BMI) and serum nitrate levels were statistically lower in the case group than in control group (p<0.05). Salt intake, smoking cigarette or hookah was higher in patients than in control group (p<0.05). Based on nutritional habits , consumption of bread , rice, saturated fats, hot tea, sausages and industrial soft drinks was statistically higher in the patient group than control group, but intake of vegetables, fruits, unsaturated fats, honey and grilled meat was lower in patients than control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Consumption of fast foods, hot tea and saturated fats may be associated with esophageal cancer. Serum nitrate levels were lower in patients than control group, probably indicating the need for further research in this field.
Farid Manafi , Reza Alipanah-Moghadam , Ali Nemati, Vadood Malekzadeh, ,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (winter 2017)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Andrographolide has potent antioxidant properties. There is still not a complete understanding of the antioxidant effects of andrographolide. In this study, the effect of andrographolide on the serum antioxidant activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase was investigated in the rats with secondary iron overload.
Methods: In this experimental study, 32 rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 each. The groups included: 1-Control 2- Receiving iron 3- Receiving iron treated with 7 mg/kg andrographolide 4- Receiving 7 mg/kg andrographolide. The serum activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase and serum level of malondialdehyde (MDA) was measured using colorimetric method. Prussian blue was used to evaluate iron deposition in liver.
Results: The results showed that iron was deposited in the liver. The activity of superoxide dismutase and catalase in the secondary iron receiving group, compared to control group, was significantly increased (p<0.05). The activity of catalase was significantly decreased in the group receiving iron and treated with andrographolide, compared to the control and iron receiving groups (p<0.05). Also, the activity of superoxide dismutase in the group receiving iron and treated with andrographolide decreased significantly compared to the iron receiving group (p<0.05). Serum levels of malondialdehyde in the iron receiving group were higher than the control group (p<0.05). Serum levels of malondialdehyde in the group receiving iron and treated with andrographolide, compared with the iron receiving group, showed a significant decrease (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Andrographolide (7mg/kg) reduced the serum activity of catalase and superoxide dismutase and malondialdehyde serum levels in rats with secondary iron overload.
Pirooz Pour Mohammad , Reza Alipanah-Moghadam , Firooz Amani, Ali Nemati , Vadood Malekzadeh ,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (spring 2018)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Due to the widespread use of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) and their possible unwanted effects in biological environments, we made an attempt to investigate the effect of ZnO-NPs on the blood lipid profile.
Methods: In this study, 24 male Wistar rats were used. The rats were randomly divided into three groups: control group, the group receiving ZnO-NPs at 25 mg/kg (ZnO-NPs 25 mg/kg) and the group receiving ZnO-NPs at 50 mg/kg (ZnO-NPs 50 mg/kg). The duration of the test was two weeks. The blood samples were taken and the serums were separated. Serum levels of triglyceride, cholesterol, VLDL, LDL and HDL were determined using standard kits and methods.
Results: Based on the findings of this study, serum levels of triglyceride and VLDL in both ZnO-NPs receiving groups were significantly increased in comparison with the control group (p<0.05). Also, the serum levels of HDL , LDL and LDL/HDL ratio decreased significantly in both ZnO-NPs receiving groups compared to the control group (p<0.05), while the serum cholesterol levels did not change compared with the control group.
Conclusion: Our results showed that 25 and 50 mg/kg doses of ZnO-NPs had both harmful (increase triglyceride and VLDL and reduction of HDL) and beneficial (reduction of LDL and LDL/HDL ratio) effects on the blood lipid profile.
Farin Malekifard, Norooz Delirezh, Rahim Hobbenaghi, Hasan Malekinejad,
Volume 18, Issue 2 (summer 2018)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Several studies have shown that pentoxifylline is an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent. Pentoxifylline (PTX), has been shown to exert protective effects on autoimmune disorders. The objective of the present study was to examine the effect of pentoxifylline on histopathology of pancreas in diabetic mice.
Methods: Diabetes was induced by multiple injection of low-dose streptozotocin (40 mg/kg/day for 5 consecutive days) in male C57BL/6 mice. After induction of diabetes, mice were treated with pentoxifylline (100 mg/kg/day i.p.) for 21 days. The nitric oxide levels were evaluated in spleen cell culture supernatant. Pancreases were isolated and stained by hematoxylin & eosin (H&E) and Gomori aldehyde fuchsin (GAF).
Results: Pentoxifylline treatment significantly inhibited the production of nitric oxide (p<0.05). In addition, PTX improved the pancreas tissue. It increased the mean diameter of islets and the number of islets and beta cells. (p<0.05).
Conclusion: These findings indicated that pentoxifylline might have a therapeutic effect against the autoimmune destruction of the pancreatic beta-cells during the development of STZ-induced type 1 diabetes in mice.
Shahin Seidi, Mousa Tavassoli, Farnaz Malekifard,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (winter 2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Fleas are clinically important parasites for affecting human health. These insects are carriers of some pathogens such as Yersinia pestis, Rickettsia typhi, Q fever, Tularemia and Bartonella henselae which are infectious for humans and animals. The aim of this cross –sectional study was to detection of Rickettsia, Bartonella and Wolbachia pathogens in infected Ctenocephalides canis and Pulex irritans using molecular method in West and Northwest of Iran.
Methods: The present study is a, descriptive, cross-sectional study (prevalence rate=10%, confidence level=95%, error rate=5%) which performed on samples collected from five provinces including Kermanshah, Kurdistan, Azerbaijan Western, Lorestan and Hamedan for 13 months from May 2018 to June 2019. In this study, samples were collected by optical trap, human prey and direct isolation of the sample from the host and identified in the parasitology laboratory using valid diagnostic keys. The prevalence of Rickettsia, Bartonella and Wolbachia in the collected samples was detected using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Amplification and sequencing of gltA, pap31 and 16SrRNA genes were used for molecular diagnosis of Rickettsia, Bartonella, and Wolbachia respectively.
Results: The collected samples included 918(47.39%) fleas of C.canis and 1019 (52.60%) fleas of P.irritant. The PCR products of each gene was subject to sequencing. In this study, 12.9% , 5.21% and 5.21% of fleas were positive for Wolbachia , Rickettsia and Bartonella, respectively .
Conclusion: Bartonella, Rickettsia and Welbachia are vector borne infectious agent. Due to their high pathogenicity and easily transmission among insect and human, monitoring of insects is essential for the controlling of the infection and preserving the public health in endemic area.
Abbas Sabahi Namini, Arash Abdolmaleki, Sharareh Mirzaee, Mehrdad Sheikhlou, Asadollah Asadi, Ali Shamsazar,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (summer 2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Research on intelligent nanomaterials that accelerate the process of nerve regeneration and treatment by different methods such as antioxidant effects, stimulation of nerve cell proliferation, modulation of the immune system and inflammatory factors is great importance. The aim of this study was to prepare cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles and evaluate its antioxidant and cytotoxicity effects on PC12 cell line.
Methods: Cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles were prepared and their structural properties were evaluated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). To evaluate the antioxidant properties of the compounds, free radical trapping methods 2 and 2 diphenyl-1-picryl hydrazyl were used. Cell viability in the presence of compounds was measured by a toxicity test (MTT) [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide]. Data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and Tukey's post hoc test.
Results: FTIR spectra and TEM images showed the processing of nanoparticles with an average size of less than 100 nm with cinnamon coating on their surface. Also, the antioxidant capacity of cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles was significantly higher (*p<0.038) than extracts and nanoparticles alone at similar concentrations. Evaluation the results of cytotoxicity showed that the lowest toxicity was observed in the cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles group.
Conclusion: Results showed higher antioxidant properties and low cytotoxic effects of cinnamon-coated cerium oxide nanoparticles compared to other groups, which leads to better efficacy, proliferation, longer cell survival, its green synthesis and coverage by cinnamon
Tohid Akbarvand, Malek Mirhashemi, Simin Bashardoost,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (Autumn 2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Covid's anxiety is a threat to students' mental health and it is important to identify the psychological factors that affect it .The aim of the present study was to investigate the structural relationships of Covid-19 anxiety disorder based on cognitive flexibility with the mediating role of perceived social support in students.
Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, based on Kameri and Lee rule, 322 students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran Markaz were selected online through cluster random sampling. Coronavirus Anxiety Inventory, Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling by SPSS27 and AMOS24 statistical software.
Results: The general model of the research was consistent with the experimental data (RMSEA=0.056). There was a negative and significant relationship between cognitive flexibility (p=0.001, β= -0.262) and social support (p=0.001, -0.516) with Covid-19 anxiety. Using the bootstrap method, the mediating role of social support between cognitive flexibility and covid-19 disease anxiety was confirmed (p=0.008, -0.338).
Conclusion: Given the inverse relationship between the level of anxiety caused by the Covid-19 epidemic and cognitive flexibility and confirmation of the mediating role of social support in students, it seems necessary to improve psychological flexibility and supportive measures by the family and others during coronavirus epidemic.
Leili Aghebati-Maleki, Ali Aghebati-Maleki, Ali Fotouhi, Sanam Nami,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (Autumn 2021)
Abstract
Candida albicans is the most common cause of invasive candidiasis, but in recent years the incidence of infections caused by other species such as Candida Kruzei, Candida glabrata, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis and Candida lusitania has increased. In the last decade, the treatment methods for invasive candidiasis have changed completely, and a successful treatment depends on the timely start of treatment, the selection of an effective drug, and the lack of resistance of the fungus to that particular drug. On the other hand, the widespread use of immunosuppressive drugs as well as organ transplants has all caused widespread problems in the treatment of invasive candidiasis. Together, these observations highlight a rationale for the immediate development of new immunotherapy methods to enhance antifungal therapy in immunocompromised hosts. The past decade has seen great advances in our understanding of fungal immunobiology, leading to a number of new molecular and cellular immunotherapy methods for invasive fungal infections. Therefore, the aim of this study was to review the common and new antifungal drugs in the treatment of invasive candidiasis and to discuss the role of immunotherapy in better prevention and control of the disease.
Reza Najafi, Asadollah Asadi, Saber Zahri, Arash Abdolmaleki,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Tissue engineering is a growing field to repair and replace the defective function of damaged tissue or organ, and today it is proposed as a new treatment to replace conventional transplant methods. For this purpose, polymeric biomaterials (scaffolds) and living cells are used. The purpose of this study is to fabricate polycaprolactan (PCL) nanoscaffold and load silymarin on the nanoscaffold to check the biocompatibility and proliferation ability of pc12 cells on it.
Methods: In order to prepare polycaprolactan nanoscaffold and load silymarin on it, 7% polycaprolactan solution (dissolved in acetic acid) was mixed with silymarin solution with a concentration of 0.9% (weight percent), and then the scaffold was prepared using electrospinning device. The morphology of the scaffold was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the chemical structure of the scaffold was evaluated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Toxicity of the scaffold and cell survival of PC12 cells were investigated by MTT test and SEM microscope respectively.
Results: Examining the morphology of the scaffold and its chemical structure showed the appropriate porosity of the scaffold and the successful loading of silymarin on the PCL scaffold. The toxicity of the scaffold was investigated 24, 48 and 72 hours after the cultivation of PC12 cells, and the results showed an increase in cell viability and proper attachment of cells on the scaffold.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that the loading of silymarin on polycaprolactan scaffold increases the proliferation and survival of PC12 cells. Therefore, this scaffold can be a suitable candidate for nerve tissue engineering.
Aida Nahumi, Maryam Peymani, Hussein A Ghanimi, Asadollah Asadi, Arash Abdolmaleki,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (Summer 2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: One of the functions of RNA editing is to change the RNA sequence without changing the genomic DNA sequence and changing the fate of cellular RNA. Therefore, studying the clinical application of RNA editing for targeted therapies is necessary.
Methods: All articles related to the subject of the study were searched in the Scopus,
PubMed/Medline, ISI Web of Knowledge, and Google Scholar database.
Results: The changes that occur within the RNA editing are A to I base replacement by adenosine deaminase (ADAR) on RNA and C to U replacement by the apolipoprotein B mRNA-editing enzyme, catalytic polypeptide1 (APOBEC1). Recently, the role of RNA editing in human diseases has been reported.
Conclusion: RNA editing can be used as a new strategy to identify new disease biomarkers and more personalized treatments for various diseases.
Sara Zolfalipormaleki, Hossein Gamari Kivi , Ali Rezai Sharif ,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (Autumn 2023)
Abstract
Background: Given the high prevalence of obesity and overweight and the detrimental impact on the mental health of affected people, the objective of this study is to examine the effectiveness of narrative therapy on social physique anxiety in obese and overweight women.
Methods: The current research was a semi-experimental type, with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group. The study population for this research consisted of all obese and overweight women in Tabriz city in 2023. 30 women were selected by the available sampling method and were randomly divided into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The experimental group received narrative treatment in 8 sessions of 90 minutes, while the control group did not receive any treatment and was placed on the waiting list. At the end of the treatment period, a post-test was performed in both groups. The Social Physique Anxiety Scale by Hart et al. (1989) was used as the measurement tool. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (covariance test with repeated measures) by SPSS-24 software.
Results: In the pre-test, the mean and standard deviation of social physique anxiety in the experimental group were 44.33±2.289, while in the control group, it was 43.67±3.063. In the post-test stage, the values for social physique anxiety in the experimental group were 36.33±3.117, while in the control group, it was 43.80±3.385. The results indicated the effectiveness of narrative therapy (p<0.001). In the follow-up stages, it was found that the effects of narrative therapy are lasting (p<0.001).
Conclusion: According to the results, it can be concluded that narrative can be an effective method for reducing social physique anxiety in obese and overweight women.
Aida Nahumi, Maryam Peymani, Asadollah Asadi, Arash Abdolmaleki, Yasin Panahi, Mohammad Ali Shahmohammadi,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Background: Identifying protein interactions is one of the main challenges in the fields of biostructure and molecular biology. Despite extensive progress, the exact patterns of protein-protein interactions are still unknown. The main goal of this study is to computationally evaluate the interactions of fibronectin-1 in the extracellular matrix of decellularized trachea and integrins in adipose tissue stem cells in order to provide the most accurate possible visualization of these interactions and their role in biological processes.
Methods: After decellularization of the sheep trachea through the detergent-enzyme method, histological evaluations and ultrastructure photography of the samples were done by scanning electron microscopy. Also, the simulations of fibronectin1 binding of extracellular matrix protein with integrin αvβ1 and α5β3 of stem cells derived from adipose tissue were investigated, and interaction energy analysis was applied to predict the structure of protein-protein complexes using the algorithms available in HDOCK and ClusPro servers.
Results: The findings indicated the preservation of extracellular matrix components and scaffold ultrastructure. Also, in order to find the most favorable connection states in terms of energy, some of them were reported as stable interactions among the top types of connections. This insight provides a valuable understanding of cell-matrix adhesion, migration, and signaling, with potential implications for therapeutic development.
Conclusion: The prepared scaffolds are ideal for engineering applications for which computational analysis and experimental data have been used for visualization of stable connection states with energy efficiency between fibronectin and integrin. Also, more studies on cell adhesion modeling in connection with tissue engineering science can provide a suitable field for the development of regenerative medicine in further studies.
Faranak Hasanpour, Saber Zahri, Arash Abdolmaleki, Asadolah Asadi,
Volume 24, Issue 3 (Autumn 2024)
Abstract
Background: Tissue engineering, by designing biological scaffolds and imitating the extracellular environment, helps the growth and proliferation of cells and plays a key role in replacing and repairing damaged tissues. In recent years, the addition of nanoparticles, such as carbon quantum dots, to biological scaffolds has received attention. In this research, the synthesis of polycaprolactone scaffolds containing carbon quantum dots and the investigation of biocompatibility effects and their protection have been discussed.
Methods: Carbon quantum dots were synthesized using the pyrolysis method, and polymer scaffolds containing carbon quantum dots were prepared by the electrospinning method. The physical and chemical properties of the scaffold were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy and FTIR spectroscopy. The scaffolds' biocompatibility and antioxidant properties were measured by the MTT method.
Results: Examination of the morphology and chemical showed the appropriate porosity of the scaffold containing carbon quantum dots. The MTT assay significantly enhanced stem cell viability on scaffolds incorporating carbon quantum dots. Furthermore, these scaffolds exhibited a significant protective effect against oxidative stress.
Conclusion: This study showed that the polycaprolactone scaffold containing carbon quantum dots, with high biocompatibility and suitable antioxidant properties, provides an effective substrate for tissue engineering and cell protection under oxidative stress conditions.
Reza Alipanah-Moghadam, Zahra Farzaneh, Taghi Amiriani, Sara Hoseinzadeh, Vadoud Malekzade, Abass Naghizadeh-Baghi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (Spring 2025)
Abstract
Background: p53 is one of the important gene in suppressing tumor formation. Polymorphism of the p53 gene in codon 72 is associated with an increased risk of the cancer. This study aimed to evaluate the p53 codon 72 polymorphism in esophageal cancer patients.
Methods: This case-control study was conducted using 32 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma and 32 healthy control subjects. The polymorphism of the p53 gene was determined by using the PCR-RFLP method. Serum P53 levels were evaluated by the ELISA technique.
Results: Our results showed that the frequency of arginine–arginine, arginine–proline and proline-proline genotypes were 18.75, 37.5 and 43.75 in the patient group and 9.53, 56.25 and 34.37 in the control group, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the mean serum levels of P53 protein in the patient group and the control group.
Conclusion: The present study showed that the predominant polymorphism in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is the proline-proline polymorphism. Accordingly, it can be concluded that the proline-proline variant may play an important role in the pathogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and further investigation of it can lead to improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
Ulduz Zamani, Malek Abazari, Mostafa Barati, Ali Abedi,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (Spring 2025)
Abstract
Background: Educational evaluation plays a critical role in improving the quality of training and aligning it with community needs. The CIPP model is a well-established framework that enables systematic evaluation of educational programs. This study aimed to assess the achievement of educational objectives in the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases at Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, from the perspective of dental students, using the CIPP model.
Methods: In this descriptive cross-sectional study (academic year 2020-2021), a researcher-made questionnaire with 25 items across four domains-Context, Input, Process, and Product-was used. All dental students who had completed both theoretical and practical courses in the department were included via a census sampling method. The questionnaire’s validity and reliability were confirmed. Data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Kruskal-Wallis tests in SPSS-25, with a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: A total of 50 students (25 male, 25 female) participated. Mean scores were as follows: context 73.62±14.71 (66% favorable), input 63.90±14.62 (54% relatively favorable), process 69.33±16.38 (52% relatively favorable), and product 56.25±23.58 (48% unfavorable). No significant differences were found across gender or admission type.
Conclusion: From the students' perspective, the achievement of educational objectives was relatively favorable in the context, input, and process domains, but suboptimal in the product domain. Revisions in teaching methods, curriculum content, and evaluation strategies-especially in the outcome-related areas are recommended.
Saeedeh Galledar, Firouz Zadfattah, Zahra Sadeghpour Setobadi, Malek Abazari,
Volume 25, Issue 1 (Spring 2025)
Abstract
Background: This study aimed to compare the apical seal in teeth treated with gutta-percha and Bio-C sealer, Endoseal TCS sealer, and AH Plus sealer using the single-cone technique.
Methods: In this experimental study, 56 single-rooted, single-canal mandibular premolars were prepared using the Protaper rotary system. The samples were randomly divided into three groups of 16 and two positive and negative control groups and were obturated with Bio-C sealer, Endoseal TCS sealer, and AH Plus sealer using the single-cone technique. The samples were divided into buccal and lingual halves using a diamond disc. The linear leakage of methylene blue from the root apex to the coronal- most part where the dye penetrated was observed and recorded using a stereomicroscope, and finally the data obtained were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance between groups with SPSS version 26 software.
Results: The results of the study showed that the lowest dye penetration rate in the sealers studied was for Endoseal TCS sealer (4.16±0.475), AH Plus (4.84±0.745), and Bio-C sealer (5.77±0.597). The results of the analysis of variance showed that there was a significant difference in apical microleakage in teeth treated with gutta-percha and Bio-C sealer, Endoseal TCS sealer, and AH Plus sealer by the single-cone technique (p<0.001). Tukey's test showed that there was a significant difference in apical microleakage of the sealers studied with the positive and negative control groups; also, a significant difference was observed in apical microleakage of Endoseal TCS sealer with Bio-C Sealer and AH Plus sealer, and Bio-C Sealer with AH Plus sealer (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Apical sealing in root canal–treated teeth with gutta-percha and Endoseal TCS sealer provided the best results compared to AH Plus and Bio-C sealer.
Faraz Malek Bagali, Aliasghar Rostamizad Kheljani, Leila Asadi, Farzad Khademi, Aida Alinezhad,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (Summer 2025)
Abstract
Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are among the most common bacterial infections worldwide. Although these infections are usually treated with various antibiotics, the improper and excessive use of these drugs has played an important role in the emergence of antibiotic-resistant strains. This study aimed to investigate the frequency of bacterial pathogens isolated from UTI cases and their antibiotic resistance patterns in Imam Khomeini hospital, Ardabil.
Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 202 culture-positive urine samples were collected from hospitalized and outpatients referred to Imam Khomeini hospital, Ardabil, from March 2024 to July 2024. The urine samples were cultured on blood agar and MacConkey agar media and then identified using Gram staining and standard biochemical tests. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method according to the latest Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines.
Results: A total of 7 bacterial species were identified, among which Escherichia coli (50.9%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.7%) were recognized as the most common urinary pathogens. E. coli showed the highest resistance to ampicillin (89.3%) and cefazolin (67.9%), while K. pneumoniae exhibited complete resistance to ampicillin (100%) and considerable resistance to cefotaxime (60.8%). Staphylococcus aureus had the highest drug resistance against ciprofloxacin (72.7%) and penicillin (63.6%). Proteus mirabilis demonstrated complete resistance to nitrofurantoin (100%) and high resistance to ampicillin (75%). In addition, Pseudomonas aeruginosa showed complete resistance to nitrofurantoin and cefazolin (100%). Enterococcus faecalis displayed notable resistance to co-trimoxazole (68.4%) and ciprofloxacin (57.8%). Acinetobacter baumannii also showed high resistance to cephalosporins and fluoroquinolones, ranging from 60% to 100%. The highest rates of multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates were observed in P. aeruginosa (100%), A. baumannii (90%), and K. pneumoniae (86.9%).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that E. coli was the most common causative agent of urinary tract infections in Imam Khomeini hospital, Ardabil. Notably, the high level of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates, particularly MDR strains, highlights the necessity of continuous surveillance and rational use of antibiotics.
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