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 Background & Objectives: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) is defined as carbohydrate intolerance of variable severity with onset or first recognition during the pregnancy. Diagnosis of this disorder can prevent complications in mother and her fetus during pregnancy. This study was an attempt to determine GDM prevalence in pregnant women referring to Ardabil health centers.

 Methods: In this cross-sectional study 601 pregnant women with 24-28 weeks of gestational age were screened by glucose challenge test (GCT) using 50 gr of oral glucose. GCT was considered positive if the serum level of glucose was larger than or equal to 140 mg/dl. Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) was done on GCT⁺ subjects with 100 gr oral glucose. The diagnostic criteria were these of National Diabetes Data Group.

 Also a questionnaire was used to record history, age, height, blood pressure, weight before pregnancy and other characteristics. The data were analyzed using SPSS software.

 Results: From 601 pregnant women, 64 cases (10.6%) were GCT⁺. OGTT indicated that from these 64 cases, 8 cases had GDM (GCT ⁺, OGTT⁺). GDM prevalence was estimated 1.3%. There was a statistically significant relationship between BMI, mean age and mean diastolic blood pressure on the one hand and GCT and GDM positivity on the other (p<0.05). There was a significant relationship between increasing of BMI and the prevalence of GDM positivity GCT (p<0.05), but the relation was not significant between increasing of systolic blood pressure and gravidity with prevalence of GDM and positive GCT.

 Conclusion: It seems that the prevalence of GDM in Ardabil is low and general screening is not necessary for all pregnant women. The prevalence of GDM showed an increase with the age of pregnant women, BMI and obesity.

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  Serious vascular complications of IV drug abuse are being encountered with increasing frequency. These patients often present with cellulitis, abscess and endocarditic. Due to having viral infections these people can be a hazard to health care workers. Medical intervention is usually conducted after the emergence of one of the dreadful complications of IV drug abuse. The subject is a 40-year old male prisoner who referred to Emergency Department with 24 hours history of chill and fever, intermittent bleeding from a painful ulcerated lump in right groin along with hypotension and severe edema of right lower extremity necessitating packing and initial resuscitative measures. It was clinically diagnosed as ruptured infected pseudo aneurysm and urgent exploration was undertaken. Excision of common femoral artery was conducted by interpositioning of saphenous graft between external iliac and superficial femoral artery along with ligation of deep femoral artery drainage of abscess and debridment of necrotic tissue. The patient recovered with limb salvage except seroma on original site of vein graft.

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  Background & Objectives: Lipoprotein [LP(a)] is formed by assembly of LDL particles and carbohydrate rich protein, apolipoprotein(a). LP(a) is elevated in patients with proteinuria or nephrotic syndrome, but it is still controversial whether this is due to hypoalbuminemia or proteinuria.

  Methods: We studied a group of 71 children suffering from nephrotic syndrome in the absence of renal failure. The levels of serum albumin, LP (a), triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) ,high density, lipoprotein- cholesterol (HDL- C), APOAI and APOB were measured by standard methods. The results were compared with those obtained from 75 age and sex matched normal children as control group. The concentrations of creatinin and protein in random urine samples obtained from children and the protein/creatinin ratio were calculated. The Relationship between measured parameters and/or serum albumin and proteinuria was evaluated.

  Results: Compared to the control group the serum levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C, LP (a), APOB and APOAI increated (p<0.05 in all cases), but no marked differences were observed in levels of HDL-C in case group. The levels of serum albumin in patient group were significantly lower than that of control (p<0.05). Serum levels of lipids and lipoproteins including APOAI and APOB were more correlated with plasma albumin level than with protein/creatinin ratio in the patient group.

  Conclusion: The results indicated that in children nephrotic syndrome with on renal failure, the increase of serum levels of LP (a) is mainly related to hypoalbuminemia that stimulates liver synthesis of APOB and is not related to the degree of proteinuria. It was concluded that determination of APOB is the best marker of hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome and normal serum albumin levels seem to be a factor that may determine the of treatment efficacy of hyperlipidemia in nephrotic syndrome.

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 Background & Objective: Cardiovascular disease is a major global health problem. Countries with low to moderate income contribute significantly to the global burden of cardiovascular disease accounting for 78% of all deaths and 86.3% of all disabilities. This study was an attempt to determine the factors contributing to premature myocardial infarction among young adults in Ardabil city.

 Methods: In this Case-control study 52 subjects, under 45, with myocardial infarction, admitted to Buali hospital in 2003-2004, were compared with 52 age and sex matched population based controls. Odds ratio and confidence interval of 95% were used to evaluate the risk factors such as smoking, physical activity, family history, history of diabetes and similar factors. Analysis of variance was used to compare the means.

 Results: The mean age of the subjects was 37.2 and 96.2% of them were male. The positive family history of cardiovascular disease with odds ratio of 9.4 (95% CI=2.6-34.3) and current smoking with odds ratio of 2.8 (95% CI=1.3-6.2) associated with myocardial infarction. Mean of the body mass index and mean of concentration of FBS, LDL and HDL were different in case and control groups. Physical activity with odds ratio of 0.4 had protective effect. (95% CI= 0.2-0.8). There was no meaningful relationship between passive smoking, total cholesterol, education and job with myocardial infarction risk.

 Conclusion: Family history, smoking, high Fasting Blood Sugar, high LDL, Low HDL and physical inactivity are the most important factors associated with acute myocardial infarction. Proper health interventions should be considered in order to lower the risk factors among young adults especially those under 45 years of age with a positive family history of myocardial infarction.

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  Background & Objectives : More than one hundred countries face the problem of malaria disease. Studies have indicated that thalassemic individuals are relatively more resistant to malaria. The present research set out to investigate this hypothesis in Iraushahr where these is a high prevalence of moralia. The goal of this study is to compare the prevalence of malaria in thalassemic individuals with non- thalassemic ones in Iranshahr.

  Methods: In this case-control study 100 thalassemic individuals (case) and 100 non-thalassemic case (control) were selected. In addition to serum specimen, their blood sample from their fingertips were also taken to prepare peripheral blood smear. The tests were performed on 200 random samples in July (the peak time of malaria transmission). In this study, both indirect immuno flurecance Assay (IFA) and direct amear technique were used. The data were analyzed in SPSS software using descriptive and analytical statistics including T- test, chi-square and ANOVA.

  Results: In IFA 20 subjects had positive titer while 80 ones had negative titer. Direct microscopic examination indicated that these, 20 cases had malaria parasite, 10 of whom were affected by p. vivax and 10 whit p. falciparum. In the non-thalassemic people (control group), 75 subjects had positive titers and 25 had negative titer. With respect to the direct smear anamination in non-thalassemic subjects, 18 had malaria parasite, of whom 7 had p.falsiparium and 11 had vivax. The results of malaria antibody titer indicated that the history of being affected by malaria the thalassemic subjects was 92% less than the non-thalassemic ones and this difference was statistically, significant (p<0.05) however, no significant relationship was found in terms of the results of direct microscopic examination and Ginsastaining.

  Conclusion : Since thalassemic people are more resistant againt malaria futhure researches are required to investigated the resistance to malaria in other blood disorders.

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  Background &Objectives: According to a recent report published by the Ministry of Health in Iran gastric cancer is the most common cause of death due to cancer in this country and cardiac cancer is the most common kind of upper GI cancer. This study is an attempt to determine the epidemiology of cardiac cancers in Ardabil.

  Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted for four years (2000-2003) at the only private clinic in Ardabil. The results of endoscopy of these patients including the exact determination of the topography of cancer in cardia and other general information were recorded. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version-10)

  Results: During this study 4356 endoscopy were done and 533 histologically proven upper GI cancer were detected. Out of 533, 242 cases were located at E-G junction area, 82(33.9%), 130 (53.7%) in cardia region and 30(12/4%) cases were located at the proximal bady of stomach. 130(53.7%) cases of tumors were, in the right side of cardia. Bormann classification showed that most of cancers (43.8%) were ulceroinfiltrative.

  Conclusion: Statistical analysis indicated that there is a significant relationship between type and topography of cancer with dysphasia, weight loss and epigasteric pain(p<0.05). The results showed significiant relationship between type and topography of cacers with Bormann classification(p=0.001). Further epidemiologic studies are required to evaluate etiology of cardia cancers in Ardabil.

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Recurrent meningitis is a rare incident and is likely to have multiple etiologies, which could lead to repeated admissions to the hospitals. A detailed investigation of congenital and anatomic anomalies facilitating bacterial entry into the subarchnoid space is mandatory in these patients. A proper diagnosis can often be obtained through taking a complete history, previous admissions, and complete clinical and radiological examinations. The present case is a 25-year-old woman with 8 admissins because of meningitis. After being hospitalized for a long time and relative improvement, she was operated for the first time. The surgery was repeated due to rhinorrhea and the diagnosis of mondini congenital dysplasia in direct relationship with intranasal space. This led to the complete recovery of the patient. Anosmia her only problem at the present time.

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Background & Objective: Previous studies have suggested that early smoking initiation predicts the duration of smoking, its daily consumption and increased chances of nicotine dependence. The peresent study was an attempt to determine the psychological predictors of transition in different stages of cigarette smoking.

Methods: A total of 1132 students in 45 school classes were assesed two times, 8 months apart (Age range: 14-19). The subjects filled out a questionaire about cigarrete consumption behavior and predictor variables. 8 menths later they completed a second questionnaire regarding the cigarette consumption. The data were analyzed using logistic regression.

Results: Among non-smokers, using alcohol was a predictor of experimenter smoker whereas positive attitude toward smoking predicted regular smoker. Drug abuse and positive attitude toward smoking set out to be strong predictors of transmission from experimenter smoker to regular smoker.

Conclusion: Smoking prevention should begin during and before high school period. This study may support interventions that aim at changing high-risk behaviors.

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Background & Objective: Ectopic pregnancy (EP) is the most common cause of maternal mortality in the first trimester. 10% of maternal death is due to EP and only one-third of women with previous ruptured ectopic pregnancy could have a normal delivery in future. Research about prevalence and risk factors of this kind of pregnancy, could help early diagnosis and treatment of EP and improve the prognosis of fertility rate in the future.

Methods: In this retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study, seventy-two patients with EP diagnosis admitted and treated in Yazd hospitals were studied. The data were collected using a questionnaire and hospital records. Sonography and laparoscopy confirmed the diagnosis. The data were analyzed by SPSS using Chi-Square test.

Results: 11176 pregnancies were recorded in Yazd between March 1999 and March 2000 and seventy-two of these pregnancies were ectopic. So prevalence of EC in yazd was found to be 0.5%. Most of the patients (58 cuses) were 20 to 39 years old. 52.8% of the patients had primipar. 25% had a history of one to three times abortion. From 43 patients who used contraceptive, 19 ones used OCP (oral contraceptive). 39 patients had a history of previous surgery, 7 patients had a history of EP and 25 patients had a history of treatment of infertility. The most common symptom of patients was abdominal pain. Only 4 out of 72 patients were treated with a medical method using methotraxe and the rest of them were operated. Three out of these four patients were finally obliged to undertake surgery.

Conclusion: The prevalence of EP was 0.5%, which is lower than the national scale. 

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Background & Objectives: Hypertension is the most common medical problem in pregnancy, with  an incidence rate of 6-8%. The patients with preeclampsia are exposed to more maternal and fetal  complications. This requires more intensive prenatal cares. The diagnosis in early stages of disease has an important role in decreasing maternal and neonatal mortality and its comsequent complications. This study was an attempt to determine the epidemiological factors and complications of preeclampsia among patients admitted to Alavi hospital, Ardabil.

Methods: This descriptive retrospective study was conducted on 176 women with preeclampsia. The data were collected using a questionnaire and medical records of patients. These data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

Results: 75% of the patients had severe preeclampsia and 25% had mild preedampsia. Regarding the predisposing factors, history of preeclampsia was observed in 23.1% of the cases, mother's underlying diseases in 12.5%, twin in 2.3% and hydramnios in 4%. The method of delivery in 62.5% of the cases was cesarean section. 67.6% of preeclamptic patients had maternal and fetal complications (10.2% Maternal and 57.4% fetal). The maternal complications were: abruptio placenta, (44.4%), eclampsia (22.2%) and coma (11.1%). The fetal complications were: IUGR (42.4%), prematurity (39.6%) and  IUFD (9%).

Conclusion: In this study the incidence of severe preeclampsia was higher, which may be due to insufficient prenatal cares and delay in diagnosis. Further studies about the effect of prenatal cares on pregnancy outcomes in preeclamtic women are recommended.

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Background & Objectives: Cerebrovascular accidents (CVA) are among the most common neurologic problems affecting people of middle and old ages and are one of the causes of seizure in these age groups. Epileptic seizure in patients with stroke occurs in the forms of early and late seizures and could be seen as simple or generalized. The aim of  this study was to evaluate the incidence of early seizure in patients with stroke.

Methods: All 716 patients with cerebrovascular accidents admitted to Imam Khomeini Hospital during the year 2002 participated in this descriptive study. The data were collected using the patients, records. The stroke was diagnosed through clinical findings, CT Scan and MRI (if necessery).

Results: Early seizures were documented in 46 (6.4%) of 716 patients, including 16 cases (5%) with atherosclerotic thrombosis, 10 (8.4%) with embolic infarction, 10 (5%) with intra cerebral hemorrhage and 10 (16.9%) with subarachnoid hemorrhage. Twenty-four (52%) out of 46 patients had Tonic- clonic seizures, 14 (30.5%) simple partial seizures, 5 (11%) complex partial seizures and 3 (6.5%) tonic-clonic status.

Conclusion: It was found that incidence of early seizures in stroke is 6.4%and early seizures are more common in subarachnoid hemorrhage and embolic infarction than embolic and atherothrombotic infarction.

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Background & Objectives:�Aortic coarctation occurs in 6 to 8% of patients with congenital heart disease. It is the fourth most prevalent heart disease which requires catheterization and surgical involvement in the early years of life. If surgical repair is not conducted on-time, it can lead to heart failure (HF) and death. That is why we decided to study this disease in shahid Madani hospital, Tabriz.

Methods:�53 patients with aortic coarctation who underwent surgery from early 1999 to late 2003 in Tabriz Shahid Madani Research and Health center were studied retrospectively. 

Results: 88% of the cases were diagnosed during routine examinations. The most frequent complaints of the patients were palpitation (45%) and exertional dyspnea (41%), and the most important signs were systolic ejection murmur in 96%, weakness of lower limbs pulses in 86% and hypertension in 45%. In ECG, 96% of the patients had LVH and in CXR, 45% had cardiomegaly. In angiography, 100% of the patients had apparent aortic coarctation, which in 14 this was associated with Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA) In other 15 cases, PDA was not reported in angiography but was discovered during operation. The most common surgeries were resection, end-to-end anastomosis (43%) and Dacron patch angioplasty (39%). In both methods the pressure graradient decreased to under 10 mmHg in the site of anastomosis and the late complications in the patch method was more than the other one.

Conclusion:�The diagnosis of this disease had been delayed in these patients because of imprecise examination of all four limbs' pulses at the first examination of the patients, the patients' own ignorance, misdiagnosis, mismanagement and symptomatic therapy. In spite of PDA and low blood pressure in coarc region, these patients did not have severe pulmonary hypertension. Resection and end-to-end anastomosis is associated with less common late complications and if conducted in early ages, it can lead to complete recovery.

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  Background & Objective: Flatulence is one of the most common postoperative disorders, which leads to abdominal distension, respiratory disorders and the openning of sutures. Some of the drugs used to alleviate the abdominal flatulence are associated with complications and harmful effects, which gives us a hint to adopt herbal medicine. The present study investigates the effect of supermint on the flatulence intensity after cesarean section.

  Methods: This double-blinded clinical trial study was conducted on 107 women (47 cases as placebo group and 60 cases as drug group) who had cesarean section in shahid Mobini hospital, Sabzevar. After stopping the administration of IV fluid, the subjects in both groups received 40 drops of drug and placebo every 20 minutes for 3 days.

  Results: The intensity of flatulence in the first 20 minutes (p=0.042), in second 20 minutes (p=0.001), in the third 20 minutes (p<0.001) and 120 minutes after intervention (p<0.001) was lower in drug group compared to before intervention.

  Conclusion: Supermint is effective in reducing the postoperative flatulence in cesarean section and is recommended to be used in these cases.

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  Background & Objectives: The conjunctiva is a mucus membrane that covers the internal surface of the eyelids and the external surface of the globe. Conjunctivitis comprises a variable group of infectious and non-infectious diseases. Bacterial conjunctivitis is a common type of ocular infections. The aim of this study was to determine the bacterial agents in conjunctivitis.

  Methods: This descriptive study was done on 148 patients with conjunctivitis who were hospitalized in pediatric hospital of Tabriz from March 2001 to February 2002 and had suppurative discharge. Suppurative discharge of the conjunctiva was sampled and cultured on suitable media. Antibiogram of the isolated strains was done using the disk diffusion method. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive statistics.

  Results : The isolated organisms were in the following frequency: Pseudomonas aeroginosa (40), Staphylococcus aureus(26), Klebsiella pneumonia(20), coagulase negative Staphylococci spp(18), Enterobacter spp(12), E.coli(10), Seratia marcescens(6), Acintobacter spp(4), Beta-hemolytic streptococcus group A(4). These bacteria had varied degrees of resistance to ciprofloxacin (37%), Chloramphenicle (52%), Gentamycin (70%) and Co-trimoxazol (71%).

  Conclusion: In different studies the prevalence of conjuctivitis infection is reported to be 20-40% but we found 94.5%. Regarding the importance of bacterial conjuctivitis infection in hospital and the possibility of the transmission of resistant infection to the society, some measures shoud be taken to decrease these infections.

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  Background & Objectives: Haemodialysis has been used as a replacement therapy in patients with end- stage renal failure for several decades. But it is not clear yet how much haemodialysis a uremic patient needs? ‏ There are different methods for the assessment of needs and adequacy of dialysis. One of these methods was measurement of KT/V of haemodiolytic patients. The aim of this study was to determine dialysis adequacy of haemodialytic patients in Ardabil dialysis center .

  Methods: In this descriptive study, all of the hemodialytic patients (70 cases) in 2002 were studied. Urea and blood cells were determined in the patients' blood samples both before and after dialysis. KT/V methods were used to determine the adequacy of dialysis. The data were collected and analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive (mean,standard deviation) and analytical (X²) statistics.

  Results: The findings showed that KT/V was smaller than 1.2 in 90% of cases. 54.3% of patients were dialysed three times a week mean of dialysis duration was 2.4 ± 1.63 years. Mean of hemoglobin was 8.27 ± 1.69 gr/dl. There was no significant relationship between dialysis adeqnacy and instrument type.

  Conclusion: 90% of haemodialytic patients in this center did not have adaquate dialysis in terms of KT/V criteria. As a result it seems necessery to pay more attention in order to improve the present condition.

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Background & Objectives: Congenital cataract surgery is one of the complicated and difficult surgeries in ophthalmology. Its prevalance is one per 2000 live birth but it is one the main causes of blindness in children. This prevalence is even higher in underdeveloped countries (30 in 100000 cases). Lensectomy & vitrectomy by vitrectome device are the latest methods in this regard. The objective of this study was to evaluate the post-operative results of this method of surgery in patients operated because of congenital cataract.

  Methods: After the diagnosis of the congenital cataract and primary examinations, the patients, in necessary cases, were examined under anesthesia and if possible, in all patients retinoscopy was conducted and intraocular presure was measured. If the examination of the retin was possible, the red reflex was determined. Then the patients were garded to D( absence of cloudy lens), 1( the presence of opacity up to 1 mm), 2A (the area of apaque part less than nonopaque area), 2B (the area of opaque part more than nonopaque area) and 3 ( complete opaqcity of lens). All of the patients were evaluated in two groups: first, only congenital cataract second cataract due to trauma.

  Results: In the first group (with 24 patients and 33 eyes). 26 eyes (79%) had very good postoperative condition, 4 eyes (12%) had good condition and 3 eyes (9%) were nearly good. In the second group including 17 patients, 9 eyes (56%) were very good and 4 eyes (26%) good and 4 eyes (26%) moderate in terms of postoperative results, and none of them had poor results.

  Conclusion: Because of the good surgical results of lensectomy and vitrectomy in congenital cataract and rapid visual acuity they are still methods of choice in congenital cataract surgery.

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 Background and Objectives: Pre-eclampsia is one of the common causes of maternal mortality. A main problem with induction of general anesthesia in these patients is exagergted increase of blood presscure during laryngoscopy and intubation that is associateed with a significantly increased intracranial pressure with the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. There are some strategies to minimize extreme increase in blood pressure during laryngoscopy and intubation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Fentanyl-Droperidol combination (Talamonal) on reducing cardiovascular responses due to laryngoscopy and intubation in preeclamptic parturient.

 Methods: Thirty preeclamptic parturients who were admitted for emergency caesarean section under general anesthesia were studied. All patients had diastolic pressures sustained at ≥ 100 mmHg, and had received antihypertensive therapy. A standard general anesthesia was induced in all patients. Fentanyl-Droperidol combination was used only in the case group five minutes before induction of anesthesia.

 Results: Arterial pressure and heart rate increases, improved in approximately 86.6 % of the case group. The mean increase in systolic pressure, and heart rate following laryngoscopy and intubation was significantly different in two groups (P=0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mean Apgar score of the neonates at 1 and 5 minutes after delivery in two groups.

 Conclusion: Using Fentanyl-Droperidol Combination during induction of anesthesia produced a clinically significant decrease in sympathetic response to laryngoscopy and intubation in most mothers, without any adverse effect on the neonates.

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Ulnar nerve involvement is the second most common local mononeuropathy. The ulnar nerve consists of motor and sensory fibers that arise in C₈-T₁ roots and extends to the lower trunk and medial cord of brachial plexus. Manifestations of this nerve involvement range from elbow pain and intermittent hand paresthesia to marked sensory loss, wasting and weakness  of hand muscles and a claw hand. Ulnar nerve lesion in the elbow region commonly follows surgery in which general anesthesia is used (particularly in patients with coronary artery bypass graft surgery). The patient presented in this article was a 56-year-old male who was involved in left ulnar nerve lesion after undergoing coronary artery bypass graft. In electrodiagnostic study we noticed diffused demyelination lesion of the ulnar nerve with dominancy in elbow region along with secondary axonal degeneration. Therefore, suitable positioning of elbow is recommended to avoid the  nervous complications of these operations.

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 Background & Objectives: Narcotic abuse is one of the main problems in the world today, and individuals ’ view towards it is important for managers and social problem analysts.Regarding the threats and harms of the prevalence of narcotics in society, this research was done to determine the rate of tendency to narcotics among people over ten years old in Ardabil province.

 Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional research. A two-section questionnaire was used to collect the data. 600 men and women over ten years of age were chosen through systematic cluster sampling and the required information was gathered by referring to their houses and interviewing them. The collected data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and analytical statistics.

 Results: 3.5% of the samples had positive family history of using narcotics. 18% were smokers. 84.7% believed that one can use narcotics everywhere. 30% claimed that using narcotics reduces one ’ s physical discomfort, and 30.2% expressed that one can give up the narcotics whenever necessary. On the whole the tendency towards addiction among the subjects was 53.57%. This tendency was higher in rural areas compared to the cities (56.72% versus 49.81%). This difference was statistically significant (p<0.001). Illiterate people had the most tendency rate towards addiction (55.61%). There was a statistically significant relationship between tendency towards addiction and positive family history (p< 0.05). The highest tendency rate (54.33%) was seen in 11- 20 age group.

 Conclusion: the results showed that the consequent dangers of addiction are not known for people and that the great tendency for narcotics shows the need to inform the society in order to prevent the addiction.

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 Background & Objectives: cervical dysplasia indicates the growth disorder of cervix and is characterized by the appearance of cancerous and precancerous cells in cervix. Cervical dysplasia often has no symptoms but can progress to cervical cancer in 5 % of the cases. Early diagnosis of these pre-invasive lesions with pap smear can prevent, to a great extent, the progress of lesion to cancer. The prevalence of cervical dysplasia is different in different parts of the world and depents, to a great extent, on its etiology. This study was an attempt to determine the prevalence and types of cervical dysplasia in 5000 cases of pap smears.

 Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 5000 cases of pap smears selected randomly from among 8249 pap smears in the period between March 2003 to August 2004. Some samples were studied retrospectively and some others prospectively. The population of the study was composed of women referring to Ardabil health care centers for pop smear test. The data were collected with questionnaires and were analyzed using SPSS software (ver.11).

 Results: Cervical dysplasia was found in 56 cases (1.12%) 0.66% of which was CIN I, 0.3% CIN II and 0.16% CIN III.

 Conclusion: The total percentage of cervical displasia in this study was 1.12%. This prevalence in other similar studies varies between 0.4% in Scotland and 12% in USA. Nevertheless, the prevalence found in this study is in line with most of the similar researches.