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Showing 884 results for Type of Study: article
Seyed Yasser Gholmani, Homa Moazen, Tahereh Fallah Tafti, Azam Kabirzadeh, Somayeh Gholami, Masoud Mirzaei,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: There is evidence that COVID-19 may have some long-term effects on the patients' blood biochemical and hematological factors. The purpose of this study was to investigate and compare the changes in biochemical and hematological factors in adults with and without past history of COVID-19.
Methods: The present study is a cross-sectional study including 72 cases with a past history of COVID-19 (PCR+ test) and 52 controls without a history of COVID-19. All participants were from two prospective cohort studies, namely Yazd Health Study (YaHS) and Shahedieh Cohort Study. Biochemical parameters such as blood glucose, lipid profiles, liver, kidney and hematological factors of cases and controls were extracted from the databases and analyzed.
Results: The mean red blood cell count in patients with COVID-19 was significantly higher than in non-COVID-19 patients (p<0.05), and mean corpuscular volume (MCV) was significantly lower in patients with COVID-19 (p>0.001). However, no significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of lipid and kidney profiles and liver enzymes.
Conclusion: No significant difference was found between the two groups of patients exposed to COVID-19 and patients not exposed to COVID-19 in terms of liver enzymes, lipid and kidney profiles, which probably indicate that COVID-19 has no long-term effect on these variables. However, a significant difference was observed between the two groups (p<0.05) regarding the number of red blood cells and MCV.
Fatemeh Ali Nejad, Masoumeh Habibian, Babisan Askari,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Obesity and vitamin D (VD) deficiency is associated with poor sleep quality (SQ), and lifestyle changes can effectively improve SQ. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of high- intensity interval running training (HIIRT) with VD intake on the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and SQ in young women with VD deficiency.
Methods: This clinical trial study was conducted on 52 women with an average age of 25.98±1.95 years, body mass index of 27.54±1.13 kg/m2 and low VD status. After being selected by the available sampling method, the subjects were randomly divided into control, running training, VD and combined groups. HIIT performed in 12x1-min running bouts at 80-90% HRmax interspersed with one minute of active recovery. VD was consumed weekly with a dose of 50,000 units. SQ was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA with repeated measures, one-way ANOVA, Kruskal-Wallis and paired t- test (p<0.05).
Results: After 8 weeks, the levels of BDNF in the experimental groups increased and the SQ score decreased significantly (p<0.05). But the combined intervention had more effect on the change of SQ scales (p<0.05) and BDNF (p<0.001) compared to the other two interventions (p<0.05). In addition, no significant difference was observed between the changes in the SQ score of the running training and VD groups (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Lifestyle changes such as HIIT, VD intake, and combined intervention can lead to improvement of SQ through the up-regulation of BDNF in women with overweight and VD deficiency. Also combined intervention may have more potent effects on improving these variables.
Mohaddeseh Haji Ghasemi, Mostafa Govahi, Mojtaba Ranjbar,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Due to the increasing resistance of bacteria to antibiotics and the presence of antibacterial compounds in plants, in this study, the effect of hydro-alcoholic and aqueous extracts of Physalis alkekengi on some pathogenic bacteria was investigated.
Methods: In this experimental study, the dried fruits of the Physalis alkekengi were purchased from a medicinal plant shop and after extraction, the antibacterial effect of the aqueous, ethanolic, and methanolic extracts of the plant against standard strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus were evaluated. Antibacterial activity, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), and Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC) of the extracts were determined using serial dilution and disk diffusion methods.
Results: In the disk diffusion method, all concentrations of the methanolic extract of Physalis alkekengi had an inhibitory effect on Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus. However, the inhibitory effect of the methanolic extract was considerably higher than the aqueous extract. The lowest inhibitory concentration of the methanolic extract was 12.5 mg/ml, and the minimum lethal concentration was 25 mg/ml. Aqueous and ethanolic extracts of the plant had the minimal effect on the standard strain of Staphylococcus aureus.
Conclusion: Aqueous, ethanolic, and methanolic extracts showed different levels of antibacterial properties in a concentration-dependent method. Therefore, the inhibitory effects against each bacterium can probably be attributed to the activity of the active ingredients of the plant, the extraction method, and the properties of the solvent used.
Nahid Ahmadian Yazdi, Aziz Kamran, Somayeh Matin, Afshan Sharghi,
Volume 22, Issue 4 (1-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Even though clinical empathy is one of the clinical competencies of medical students and there is a high emphasis on teaching and learning, it decreases during medical education. This study investigated the relationship between burnout, quality of life and clinical empathy in medical students.
Methods: this exploratory cross-sectional study used the Jefferson empathy questionnaire, WHO quality of life questionnaire and burnout inventory. All three questionnaires are standard, and their validity and reliability have been confirmed in various studies in Iran. The research population was the Ardabil University of Medical Sciences internship medical students, for which the census sampling method was used. Various statistical tests, such as Pearson and spearman correlation, Chi-square, etc., were used for data analysis.
Results: Out of 130 students, 128 (98.4%) completed all of the questionnaires. Data analysis showed that 98% of students suffered from moderate burnout and 2% of them had severe burnout. About 44% of students were satisfied or very satisfied with their health status and 33% of students were dissatisfied or very dissatisfied. The mean score of clinical empathy in students was 79.46±9.82. Data analysis showed a statistically significant inverse relationship between quality of life and burnout (p=0.0001).
Conclusions: Considering that the situation of students was not very favorable in terms of all three variables, non-curricular programs seem to be essential for improving student adaptation mechanisms to the job-related situations in medical students and promoting clinical empathy.
Mohammad Jafarzadeh, David Adham, Fatemeh Dana, Abbas Abbasi Ghahramanloo , Hossein Sharifi, Javad Abishvand, Reza Ebrahimoghli, Eslam Moradi-Asl,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Hepatitis B virus [HBV] infection is one of the most important public health concerns. The present study was conducted to provide a descriptive analysis of detected HBV infection in Ardabil province.
Methods: In this retrospective longitudinal study, the hepatitis B surveillance database of Ardabil province was examined from 2014 to 2018. The frequency of hepatitis B virus infections was presented based on age, gender, marital status, place of residence, primary symptoms, and reporting sources. Also, the trend of changes in the number of detected cases over time was investigated using time series analysis.
Results: A total of 817 positive cases with a mean age of 43.1 years were reported. Most of them were male [n=503, 61.5]. The Frequency of identified positive cases decreased over time. Most of the infections were asymptomatic [87.5%]. Almost 90.0% of patients with HBV were married and the majority of the identified patients were resided in urban settings [n=598, 73.2%]. Most diagnostic tests were done voluntarily [n=219, 26.8%] or during prenatal care [n=109, 13.3%]. Most cases were identified and reported by the health network [n=292, 35.7%] and blood transfusion organization [n=190, 23.2%].
Conclusion: Decision-makers of the health sector of the province can use this information as a source for evidence-based decision-making in the effective management of the disease.
Corresponding Author:
Eslam moradi-Asl, Department of Public Health, School of Health, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Ardabil, Iran.
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Afsaneh Enteshari-Moghaddam, Hasan Anari, Firouz Amani, Reza Jahanbin-Shisheh ,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Designing knee osteoarthritis (KOA) prevention programs requires recognizing modifiable risk factors. This study aimed to determine the frequency of osteoarthritis in patients with knee pain referred to Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil city.
Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, 850 patients with knee pain who were referred to the clinic of rheumatology in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Ardabil city were studied. Demographic and personal characteristics and medical history of OA were collected from the participants by a checklist. Osteoarthritis was diagnosed based on clinical and radiographic evidence by a rheumatologist.
Results: Of all patients, 310 (36.5%) were diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis. The most of patients (33.5%) were in the age group of 50-59 years old, women (80.6%) and housewives (29%). 39.9% of all patiens had obesity and most of them (43.2%) have not exercised at any time. A family history of knee osteoarthritis was reported in 45.2% of patients, while a family history of joint replacement was reported in 6.1%. 15.8% of patients reported a history of previous knee trauma. The type of used toilet was traditional in 90.3%.
Conclusion: The frequency of knee OA in our study similar to other studies was at a moderate level and due to regional risk factors, it is suggested to reduce the incidence of KOA by presenting necessary training programs and changing the nutritional patterns of society people.
Auob Jahanian, Mohammad Reza Pourali, Mehdi Maranjori, Yousef Taghiporiyani,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objective: The present research has investigated the impact of mental health on the behavioral inhibition and professional judgment of certified accountants with an emphasis on conflict theory.
Methods: In this descriptive-survey research, using Morgan's table, 306 official accountants working in the audit organization and audit institutes of Tehran in 1400, were selected as a sample by a simple random method. To collect data, standard questionnaires including Goldberg and Hiller's mental health, Goldstone and Parker's behavioral inhibition, Knapp, Gul et al.'s professional judgment, and Vahabzadeh's conflict were used. Structural equation model and SMART PLS3 software were used for data analysis.
Results: The research results indicate that the mental health of certified accountants has a negative effect on the conflict between them and the employer and a positive effect on behavioral inhibition and professional judgment of certified accountants. Their behavioral inhibition has a positive effect on professional judgment and a negative effect on the conflict between them and the managers of the receiving companies. Behavioral inhibition and professional judgment of certified accountants play a mediating role in influencing mental health on the conflict between them and the employer. Also, the professional judgment of certified accountants has a mediating role in influencing behavioral inhibition on the conflict between them and business owners.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, people with higher mental health and stronger behavioral inhibition ability can make more professional judgments and reduce conflicts with others by using their abilities and mental health and managing their behavior. Resolving conflicts will be more successful.
Fatemeh Saedi, Mahmoud Nikseresht, Abdolhossein Taheri Kalani,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Maintaining the capacity of mitochondrial biogenesis during aging is considered a key factor to prevent the development of age-related diseases. this study aimed to investigate the effect of 8-weeks of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) and hawthorn extract on the peroxisome proliferator- activated receptor-γ gamma coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) and mitochondrial transcription factor A (TFAM) proteins levels in the soleus muscle of aged rats.
Methods: Thirty-six aged rats were randomly and equally assigned into control (CON), HIIT, extract or combined (COM, HIIT+ extract) groups. The HIIT protocol consisted of 6 to 9 sets×5-min of running on a treadmill, which was performed 4 minutes at 16 m/min and one minuteat a speed velocity of 25 m/min, 5 times a week for 8 weeks. Over the intervention period, rats in the extract and COM groups received 100 mg/kg per day hawthorn. After the interventions, TFAM and PGC-1α protein expression levels were detected in the soleus muscle using the western blotting method.
Results: There was a significant increase in PGC-1α for all interventions when compared to the CON, although this increase in the COM was significantly higher than the other groups. After 8 weeks , there was a significant increase in TFAM level in extract group compared to CON,also, the training groups had more effects on this marker in comparison to the former intervention (p>0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that, 8-weeks of the HIIT+ intake hawthorn is a more efficient approach in improving mitochondrial oxidative capacity compared to HIIT and extract alone.
Mohammad Amani, Ali Hosseininia, Hamid Sheikhkanloui Milan,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Parkinson’s disease is a disorder that causes progressive degeneration of neurons, and oxidative stress is increasingly implicated as a factor that contributes to its pathophysiology. Carnosic acid, a compound found in rosemary, can scavenge free radicals in the brain and decrease the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Thus, this study explored the effect of this plant on the improvement of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods: The study used 35 male mice that were randomly divided into five groups (n=7 mice each). A control group, a Parkinson's group induced by MPTP toxin, and three groups that received aqueous extracts of rosemary at doses of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg were included in the study. Measurements were made of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity, muscle rigidity, and grip strength. Scores were calculated based on rotational behavior tests and scoring systems.
Results: Rosemary treatment at doses of 150 and 200 mg/kg significantly changed the level of superoxide dismutase activity, muscle rigidity test and rotational behavior of animals relative to the MPTP group. Moreover, the dose of 200 mg/kg of rosemary significantly modified lipid peroxidation relative to the MPTP group, although lipid peroxidation was still significantly higher than the control group.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the aqueous extract of Rosemary at a dose of 200 mg/kg can alleviate the signs of Parkinson’s disease and manage the disease.
Yalda Mahfouzi, Manijeh Firoozi, Sima Khavandizadeh Aghdam ,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objective: The purpose of this research was to evaluate the effectiveness of self-compassion training on the resilience and quality of life of mothers with mentally retarded children.
Methods: The current research was practical in terms of purpose. The research method was experimental with a pre-test-post-test design in two groups. The statistical population of the research was mothers with mentally retarded children in Ardabil city in 1401 and also, the availability sampling method was used. Among the qualified volunteers, 100 people entered the study and were randomly replaced in two groups of 50 people (self-compassion training and control). The self-compassion training group received eight 90-minute sessions. Standard questionnaires on resilience and quality of life were used to collect information. The data collected in the pre-test and post-test stages were analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS version 26 statistical software.
Results: The findings of the present study showed, there is a significant difference between the control and experiment (p<0.01) groups in the post-test scores in terms of perception of individual competence (F=441.15), trust in individual instincts and tolerance of negative emotions (F=423.05), positive acceptance of change and secure relationships (F=399.82), control (F=261.60) and spiritual effects (F=241.62) variables. Also, in respect of individual physical health (F=66.60), mental health (F=157.29), social relations (F=146.62) and environmental health (F=135.45) variables in the post-test scores, there is a significant difference between control and experiment (p<0.01) groups.
Conclusion: Therefore, it can be concluded that self-compassion training has a positive effect on the dimensions of the resilience of mothers with mentally retarded children and improves individual competence, trust in individual instincts and tolerance of negative emotions, positive acceptance of change and safe relationships, control and spiritual effects. Also, self-compassion training has a positive effect on the dimensions of the quality of life of mothers with mentally retarded children and improves individual physical health, mental health, social relationships and environmental health.
Nasim Karimzadeh Shushbolagh , Sepideh Mansour Kiaie , Kamaloddin Hamidi Nokhostin ,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Zinc sulfate binds to the R group of some amino acids, such as histidine and cysteine, resulting in protein precipitation. In an ELISA and colorimetric experiments, we determined the optimal concentration of zinc sulfate to precipitate hemoglobin, which in turn affects the level and activity of Caspase 3 in red blood cells.
Methods: Osmotic stress was induced on red blood cells under hypertonic and hypotonic conditions. An isotonic condition was used as a control without osmotic stress. The cells were incubated at 37oC for 15 min and 24 hrs. Different concentrations of zinc sulfate were set up experimentally, stepwise after the lysis of RBC samples with ultrasound waves and removal of cell membranes by centrifugation. Zinc sulfate was allowed to bind to hemoglobin at different time intervals at room temperature. Afterward, hemoglobin was precipitated at various time intervals through centrifugation. The supernatants were then measured by ELISA and colorimetric methods for Caspase 3 level and activity.
Results: The optimal conditions were found to be 6 mM zinc sulfate, 10 min incubation at room temperature to bind zinc sulfate to hemoglobin, and 30 min centrifugation at 3000 rpm to precipitate hemoglobin.
Conclusion: This study showed that zinc sulfate with a concentration of 6 mM precipitates and removes hemoglobin without affecting the level or activity of Caspase 3.
Amirsaleh Delara, Rasol Roshan Chesli , Mehriar Nadrmohammadi, Hojjatollah Farahani,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The role of spirituality with its different levels in different countries and societies should be considered for investigating the elderly's health. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate spirituality with a scale specifically designed to measure spirituality. This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Attitudes Related to Spirituality Scale (ARES) in the elderly.
Methods: In this psychometrics study, the study population included all the elderly of Ardabil city, among whom 459 individuals were randomly selected to fill ARES. The data was analyzed by SPSS and Amos Software.
Results: The reliability of ARES was 0.94 by Cronbach's alpha. Its construct validity, calculated by confirmatory factor analysis, showed that the model for measuring attitudes related to spirituality in the elderly had a suitable fit and its one-factor structure was confirmed (RMSEA=0.001, GFI=0.99, CFI=1).
Conclusion: The Persian version of the Attitudes Related to Spirituality has a one-factor structure, and could be used in psychological studies in Iranian samples due to its acceptable necessary validity and reliability.
Mohammad Sofiabadi, Fateme Samiee, Mohammad Hossein Esmaeili,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: There is a tendency to increase the risk of dementia in patients with periodontitis, but the opposite, the role of Alzheimer's disease on periodontal disease is still unclear, so in this study, the effect of experimental Alzheimer's disease on periodontal inflammatory cells, collagen fibers and neovascularization was investigated in male rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 16 Wistar male rats (230-250 grams) were randomly divided into 2 groups; control (saline) and streptozotocin 3 mg/kg (bilateral ICV injection, with a volume of 10 μl, in both groups). After 4 weeks of treatment, two groups were tested with the Morris water maze. Then the rats were killed by deep anesthesia and sampling from the papilla around the two central incisor teeth was done. Samples were fixed and the paraffin block was prepared, serial 5-micron slices were made with a microtome. After hematoxylin & eosin staining, the number of inflammatory cells (PMNs, eosinophils, and mast cells), angiogenesis, and fibroblasts were counted using a microscope (400×). Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software and an independent T-test.
Results: The results showed that Alzheimer's disease causes an increase in periodontal inflammatory cells, collagen fibers and new vessels in the gums of mice, and the difference between these changes between the experimental and control groups was significant in all parameters (p<0.00).
Conclusion: According to these findings, Alzheimer's disease causes or aggravates inflammation and increases the rate of periodontal diseases in rat and may have the same effect in humans.
Reza Ahmadpour, Somayeh Hekmatfar,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Dental anxiety is an effective factor in reducing children's dental visits. It is necessary to identify the factors involved in causing dental anxiety to promote public health. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between dental fear and anxiety in 5-10 -year -old children with dental caries and a history of trauma in Ardabil dental clinics in 2022.
Methods: 247 children (139 girls and 108 boys) were examined in terms of demographic information, history of oral and dental trauma, and socio-economic status through a questionnaire. The dmft/DMFT index was determined using the clinical examination to check the oral health condition. Dental fear and anxiety were measured using two standard scales, FIS and CFSS-DS. Chi-square test was used for data analysis .
Results: According to the FIS index, the prevalence of dental anxiety was 11.4% and according to the CFSS-DS questionnaire, it was 18.2%. Children aged 5-7 years showed more anxiety (p=0.043). Children who had a dental visit showed higher levels of anxiety based on the CFSS-DS index (p=0.002). According to the FIS index, children without a dental visit history had a higher frequency in the "very upset" group (p=0.009). Severe dental caries in permanent teeth (DMFT) were associated with a higher level of anxiety (p=0.028). No statistically significant relationship was found between gender, number of siblings, child's position in the family, parent’s education, family income level, history of trauma and dmft with dental anxiety.
Conclusion: The results of the present study showed that age, history of dental visits and decay of permanent teeth are effective factors on children's dental anxiety.
Mehrnoosh Kaviani, Parnian Alavinejad, Forough Khodadadnejad,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: File fracture is one of the main concerns in root canal therapy, which can affect endodontic treatment outcomes. The present study aimed to assess the fracture rate of the Smart Tract X3 as a new file system, in comparison with the commonly used rotary file system, during the preparation of simulated severely curved root canals.
Methods: A total of 180 resin blocks with simulated severely curved canals were randomly assigned to three equal groups (n=60) including Smart Tract X3, ProTaper Universal and Neoniti. Each set of files was used for cleaning and shaping of five canals, in total, 12 sets of files were used to prepare 60 channels in each group. All files were prepared according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The number (%) of fractures, location, length and distance of fractured segments from the apex of the block were recorded.
Results: Overall 60 files of Smart tractX3 and ProTaper universal (5 files in a set) and 36 files of the Neoniti (3 files in a set) were used. The fracture rate did not show a statistically significant difference in between-groups comparison. All fractures occurred at the apical third of the canal with the mean length of fractured segments and the distance of fractured segments from the apex of the block 2.228±0.216 mm and 0.845±0.186 mm, respectively.
Conclusion: There was no significant statistical difference among Smart Tract X3, ProTaper Universal, and Neoniti files regarding the incidence of fracture during the preparation of five severely curved canals.
Mehta Mir Hashemi, Abbas Tafakheri, Fatemeh Hajibabaee, Hadis Ashrafizadeh, Amir Ahmad Shojaei,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Futile or fruitless life-saving interventions are in conflict with the four principles of medical ethics, which are not only ineffective for the patients, but also have a high burden on society. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the causes of unsuccessful life-saving treatment and interventions from the point of view of care providers in the neurology and neurosurgery departments of Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted on 64 doctors and 72 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A 25-item researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Spss-24 software and descriptive statistics tests were used to analyze data.
Results: The average age of doctors and nurses was 34.25±5.1 and 35.12±8.2 years, respectively. From the point of view of physicians and nurses, the most important reason for the ineffective provision of life-saving services was the lack of legal, moral and Islamic permission and guidelines to cut off life support devices and the lack of resuscitation in patients facing death (end stages of life).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that, from the point of view of nurses, the most common reasons for providing futile care and cure are the moral and humane obligation of the treatment and care team to provide ineffective life-saving interventions, and from the point of view of the physician, the lack of legal, ethical and religious permission and instructions to cut off life support devices in patients has resulted in death. Some of the causes of unnecessary care were presented in this study, and some of these causes cannot be solved without solving theoretical problems and practical expert studies. Developing guidelines to define futile treatment, especially in end-of-life care, and providing solutions to control and manage treatment and unsuccessful life-saving interventions seems necessary.
Pegah Alempoor, Ata Mahmoodpoor, Kamran Shadvar, Ali Asghar Kheiri, Ali Akbar Ghamari, Parviz Saleh, Seied Hadi Saghaleini,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Early warning scores are commonly used by hospital care teams to assess patients and diagnose early signs of their deterioration and initiate further treatment. Due to the existing studies and the lack of sufficient evidence for burned patients, we decided to investigate the value of initial NEWS and MEWS in predicting mortality in burned patients.
Methods: After obtaining permission from the Ethics Committee of TUMS, patients who were candidates for hospitalization in the burn wards of Sina Hospital from July to March 1998 were included. All demographic information including age, sex, APACHE Type of discharge, comorbidities, percentage of burns, initial hospitalization in the burn ward, type and time of initiation and duration of antibiotic use, amount of serum and NEWS and MEWS scores for all patients were enrolled immediately after admission to the ward as well as before discharge from the ward. Data were analyzed after registration in SPSS software version 23.
Results: In this study, 80 cases of burned patients were studied with a mean age of 37.94±18.85 years. The initial NEWS and MEWS indices have a good ability to diagnose burned patients (Area=0.79 and 0.78, p<0.001). The best cut- point based on the Youden index, for the initial NEWS and MEWS indices were obtained at 4.50 and 1.50, respectively.
Conclusion: In this study, for the first time, NEWS and MEWS were examined in predicting mortality in burned patients and it was found that these criteria can predict the prognosis of burned patients.
Zahra Moeinara, Elham Siasi, Robab Tabatabaeii,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background & objective: The causes of Alzheimer's disease are currently unknown. Genetic and environmental factors can be effective in creating of this disease. In recent studies, one of the genes and its polymorphisms that was known to affect Alzheimer is SHARPIN. This study aimed to investigate the presence of rs34674752 polymorphism in the SHARPIN gene and its relation with Alzheimer's disease in the population of Iranian patients.
Methods: This study was performed on 50 people with Alzheimer's disease and 50 healthy controls. After blood sampling and DNA extraction, genotyping was done by Tetra ARMS PCR. The data was statistically analyzed.
Results: Results showed that the frequency of GG, GT and TT genotypes of rs34674752 polymorphism in control and patient groups was 100%, 0% and 0%, respectively. Both control and patient groups were in Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. There was no significant correlation between people's genotype and the possibility of Alzheimer's disease, and among the demographic factors, only the relationship between age group and the disease was significant (p=0.029).
Conclusion: According to the results of this study, there was no statistically significant association between the rs34674752 polymorphism in the SHARPIN gene and Alzheimer's disease in the studied Iranian population. To confirm the present study results, the investigation of populations with different societies and a larger quantity of samples are recommended.
Aisan Ansari, Soheila Derisavi, Mahdi Rahbar, Amirreza Hoseinpour,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Background: Tooth decay directly and indirectly affects the national economy of some countries. These diseases reduce the number and productivity of the workforce. Medical expenses eat up savings and investments. All these factors reduce the earning power of individuals and households and affect the national economy, so an important part of the social and economic consequences of dental caries is the impact on savings at the household level and national income or gross domestic product at the national level.
Methods: The present study was descriptive, analytical and cross-sectional. The study sample was 260 6-year-old children and 260 adults who were referred to dental centers in 1401, and were randomly selected. The patients with tooth decay received services from the health and treatment centers of Ardabil city.
Results: The total cost of dental services related to tooth decay in 6-year-old children of Ardabil city was equal to 22543323 rials for one tooth, of which 94.23% of these costs are related to direct medical costs, 2.2% to indirect medical costs and 3.57% is related to non-medical indirect costs. The total cost of dental services related to tooth decay in the adult population of Ardabil city was estimated as 3,227,897 rials for one tooth, of which 95.93% of costs are direct medical costs, 2.43% of costs are direct non-medical costs, and 1.65% of costs are indirect costs.
Conclusion: Considering the high prevalence of tooth decay in 6-year-old children and adults in Ardabil city, its treatment imposes a significant part of the costs on Ardabil households, and the limited supply of dental services in the public health sector and the lack of insurance support in paying the costs have caused that families often pay for private services out of their own pockets.
Soheila Derisavy Jorfian, Madi Rahbar, Reza Savareh,
Volume 23, Issue 3 (10-2023)
Abstract
Background: despite the many benefits of dental implants, their cost remains a controversial issue. No study in Iran evaluated the costs and benefits of this treatment accurately, so the present study aimed to investigate the economic burden of implant surgery on the urban households of Ardabil province in 2021.
Methods: in this descriptive-analytical, cross-sectional study, the economic burden of implant surgery was estimated using the cost of illness method and human capital method. In this study, based on the content and purpose, the prevalence-based approach was used and a suitable checklist was prepared. The statistical population was patients referred to public and private centers providing dental services in Ardabil city. The sample size was calculated to be 160 people and a random sampling method was used for sampling. . Data analysis was done with SPSS version 21 software and Excel software.
Results: The results of the investigation showed that the total cost of implant surgery per unit was (118680744 Rials), 82.11% of these costs were related to direct medical costs, 10.92% were related to non-medical direct costs, and 6.97% were related to indirect medical expenses. Also, the economic burden of implant surgery on Ardabil society was estimated at 71 trillion 467 billion 62 million 235 thousand 635 Rials.
Conclusion: Implant surgery imposes a huge cost on society, so by planning the essential preventive tooth decay strategy, the economic burden imposed by implant surgery on the society of Ardabil can be reduced in the future.
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