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Showing 901 results for Type of Study: article
Maryam Nazari, Hadi Ahmadi, Hamid Vaez, Farzad Khademi,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Carbapenems are the main antibiotics for the treatment of infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa). The aims of this study were to determine the prevalence of gene encoding outer membrane porin protein (OprD) in carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains as well as to assess the role of insertion sequence (IS) elements in the inactivation of OprD porin and the emergence of carbapenem resistance.
Methods: In this study, 103 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa including 58, 42 and 23 strains resistant to imipenem, meropenem, and doripenem were used, respectively. The isolates were collected from patients referred to Ardabil hospitals. The presence of oprD gene and IS elements were investigated using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing methods. P. aeruginosa PAO1 standard isolate was used as the positive control strain for oprD gene.
Results: The frequency of oprD gene among carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa strains isolated from Ardabil hospitals was 96.5%. Furthermore, IS elements were not observed in the investigated isolates.
Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, the presence of IS elements did not involve in the inactivation of outer membrane porin OprD and resistance to carbapenems among P. aeruginosa clinical strains in Ardabil. Therefore, an investigation of the role of other mutations in reducing the expression of oprD gene and increasing P. aeruginosa resistance to carbapenems is recommended.
Mojtaba Darvishi, Somayeh Bahrami, Mehdi Zarei, Mohammad Sabaeian,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Cold Plasma is an emerging non-thermal, chemical-free, environmentally friendly disinfection technology. Plasma-activated water has received considerable attention from researchers in recent years. Despite extensive studies on the antibacterial effects of plasma-activated water, its anti-eukaryotic effects have not been identified. In humans, Acanthamoeba causes granulomatous encephalitis, skin ulcers, and Acanthamoeba keratitis. Considering the health importance of Acanthamoeba, this study investigated the anti-amoeba effect of plasma-activated water on trophozoites and cysts of Acanthamoeba castellanii.
Methods: In this study, plasma-activated water prepared by the cold atmospheric plasma method.Physicochemical properties of produced water were evaluated by measuring pH, hydrogen peroxide, nitrite, and nitrate. To assess the effect of plasma-activated water on A. castellanii, trophozoites and cysts were exposed to plasma-activated water for 0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 hours. Three replicates were examined each time. At the mentioned times, cell viability was calculated by trypan-blue staining and counting on a hemocytometer, and the results were statistically analyzed.
Results: Based on the physicochemical results, the mean pH of plasma-activated water in this study was about 3.4, and the amount of hydrogen peroxide, nitrate, and nitrite were 102, 737, and 36.94 μM, respectively. The present study showed that plasma-activated water killed A. castellanii trophozoites after three hours of exposure and A. castellanii cysts after four hours of exposure. On the other hand, some trophozoites gradually became cysts after exposure to plasma-activated water. These cysts became more resistant to plasma-activated water and inactivated after five hours of exposure.
Conclusion: In this study, for the first time, the effect of plasma-activated water on A. castellanii was investigated. The results of the present study showed that plasma-activated water is able to inactivate A. castellanii trophozoites and cysts. Therefore, plasma-activated water can be used to disinfect and inactivate A. castellanii.
Hashem Haghdopst, Mohammad Hossein Esmaeili, Mohammad Sofiabadi, Pouria Solimany, Samira Esmaeili,
Volume 21, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) patients suffer from anxiety and depression. Sodium hydrosulfide (NaHS) can remit the depressive-like and anxiety-like behaviors induced by diabetes mellitus. We aimed to investigate the effects of chronic administration of hydrogen sulfide on depressive and anxiety-like behaviors in the Streptozotocin (STZ) rat model of AD.
Methods: Animals were divided into: Control, NaHS, and Alzheimer’s rats group include (STZ, STZ + Saline and STZ + NaHS groups) which were the Alzheimer’s rats and received Saline and NaHS (5.6 mg/kg per d) for 21 days. For induction of AD, STZ (3 mg/kg, 10 μl/injection site) was administered into the lateral ventricles. The behavioral consequences were assessed using plus maze, forced swim and sucrose preference tests.
Results: Our results showed that intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of STZ decreased the percentage of open arm time and entries, indicating anxiety-like effects. It also increased the duration of immobility time and decreased the percentage of sucrose preference indicating depression-like effects. Sodium hydrosulfide administration in STZ-treated rats increased the percentage of open arm time and entries, indicating anxiolytic-like effects. It also decreased the duration of immobility time and increased the percentage of sucrose preference, indicating antidepressant-like effects.
Conclusion: STZ administration can induce depression- and anxiety-like symptoms in rats, and Sodium hydrosulfide treatment, decreased the depression- and anxiety-like symptoms in STZ rat Model of AD, suggests that Sodium hydrosulfide can be useful in the treatment of affective disorders in AD patients.
Hassan Adalatkhah, Saeed Sadeghieh Ahari , Safa Mosavi,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Acne is a chronic inflammation of pilosebaceous units and in severe form reflects a different response to treatment in an oral regime of antibiotics. The purpose of this study is to compare the effect of the combination of erythromycin and low dose oral isotretinoin with erythromycin and low dose flutamide in women suffering from severe acne.
Methods: In a randomized controlled clinical trial, 80 women suffering from severe acne participated in the study and they were studied for 2 months. The first group received 800 mg oral erythromycin, together with 20 mg oral isotretinoin every two days and the second group received 800 mg erythromycin, together with 62.5 mg flutamide daily. The treatment efficiency was evaluated by the count of acne lesions and computing the acne severity index. The data of the study were analyzed using the version 16 of spss software.
Results: In the present study, 40 patients participated in the research in each group. Finally, 61 people completed the study. The mean acne severity index in the flutamide group was 195.9±15 at the beginning of treatment and this index reduced to 52.8±5.8 at the end of treatment. The mean acne severity index in the isotretinoin group was 247.8±19.7 at the beginning of treatment and this index reduced to 76.3±12.5 at the end of treatment. The difference in reduction between the two groups was not statistically significant (p=0.15).
Conclusion: The treatment effectiveness of the above-mentioned methods in female severe acne was acceptable and this combination therapy can be presented as a better alternative compared to treatments with high dose individual treatment including oral isotretinoin and oral flutamide.
Behrouz Shademan, Amir Ajoolabady, Alireza Nourazarian,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Stroke is one of the most common causes of death worldwide and has distinctive features. Moreover, the different types of strokes are characterized by different physiopathological mechanisms. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the serum levels of ATG5 and apo B-48 and their diagnostic value in patients with ischemic stroke.
Methods: We selected 100 participants, including 50 ischemic stroke patients (22 women and 28 men) as the case group and 50 healthy individuals (23 women and 27 men) as the control group. Then, we conducted a case-control study in Imam Reza Hospital (Tabriz, Iran) from March 2016 to April 2016. Serum levels of ATG 5 and Apo B-48 were measured in both groups. We also evaluated the additional diagnostic value of these factors in both groups using receptor-related power analysis (ROC).
Results: The mean serum levels of ATG 5 and apo B-48 were significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (p<0.0001). The values under the ROC curve (AUC) for ATG5 and apo B-48 were 0.96 and 0.91, respectively. The area under the ROC curve indicates that ATG 5 and apo B 48 are appropriate biomarkers for diagnosing ischemic stroke.
Conclusion: Serum levels of ATG 5 and apo B -48 are significantly higher in patients with ischemic stroke than in healthy individuals and may be considered diagnostic biomarkers in patients with ischemic stroke.
Fatemeh Hajibabaee, Seyedeh Khadijeh Moghimi Darzi, Farnaz Khatami, Hadis Ashrafizadeh, Amirahmad Shojaei,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Considering the importance of professional commitment in medical services, it is necessary to provide an appropriate questionnaire to measure professional commitment and behavior. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the questionnaire "Patients' views regarding the observance of professional behavior by specialist doctors".
Methods: The present study is a psychometric research that was conducted in four phases. The first phase of this study was based on a professional behavior tool guide, review of texts and collection of experts' opinions. in the second phase , determining the validity of items in the form of the face and content validity, in the third phase , the pilot study, and in the fourth phase,instrument reliability was conducted in two ways: internal consistency and instrument stability.
Results: A pool of 50 items was formed to design the questionnaire. After interviewing the study population and removing overlapping items, the number of items was reduced to 31 items. The results of CVR calculation showed that out of the total of 31 items, 13 items had a cutoff point less than 0.42, which were removed, and 18 items with a CVR score > 0.62 remained according to the opinion of the research team. In the face validity stage, the Impact factor < 1.5 was used as the basis for exclusion, and all the items had a high impact factor, and finally, the draft of the questionnairewas approved with the same 18 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.88 and the internal correlation coefficient of the questionnairewas 0.93, which indicated the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the questionnaire on "Patients' views regarding the observance of professional behavior by a specialist physician" in Iranian society has the necessary content and face validity and adequate reliability. By using this questionnaire, hospital officials can check the status of professional ethics of their specialist physician from the patients' point of view and take effective measures to eliminate the shortcomings.
Yousef Mohammadi Kebar, Ahad Azami, Tahereh Ekrasarian, Farhad Pourfarzi, Mohammad Negaresh,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Knee osteoarthritis is an important cause of pain and disability in the community. The present study investigated the risk factors for primary osteoarthritis of the knee in patients with knee pain and their relationship with knee osteoarthritis.
Methods: 87 patients were included in the study and were matched in terms of age. Cases consisted of female patients less than 50 years of age with knee pain and the control group was selected from patients under 50 years of age with knee pain and no radiographic findings of osteoarthritis.
Results: This study showed that the rate of osteoarthritis of the knee was significantly related to body mass index (p=0.001). The relationship between knee osteoarthritis and ESR was not significant, but an increase in CRP with a p-value of 0.01 was associated with a risk of approximately a 3.5-fold increase in knee osteoarthritis. With increasing education, the rate of knee osteoarthritis decreased (p=0.022). The Increased circadian outpatient activity was significantly associated with increased knee osteoarthritis (p=0.032). In performed assessments on osteoarthritis of the knee, there was no statistically significant relationship between the type of bathroom used, the use of stairs, and residential houses.
Conclusion: Knee osteoarthritis has a relationship with body mass index, Education level, CRP index, and circadian activity level. it is recommended to lose weight in people with abnormal body mass index, exercise, and improve their lifestyle to reduce the incidence of knee osteoarthritis and disability.
Tohid Akbarvand, Malek Mirhashemi, Simin Bashardoost,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Covid's anxiety is a threat to students' mental health and it is important to identify the psychological factors that affect it .The aim of the present study was to investigate the structural relationships of Covid-19 anxiety disorder based on cognitive flexibility with the mediating role of perceived social support in students.
Methods: In this descriptive-correlational study, based on Kameri and Lee rule, 322 students of Islamic Azad University of Tehran Markaz were selected online through cluster random sampling. Coronavirus Anxiety Inventory, Psychological Flexibility Questionnaire and Perceived Social Support Questionnaire were used to collect data. Data analysis was performed using structural equation modeling by SPSS27 and AMOS24 statistical software.
Results: The general model of the research was consistent with the experimental data (RMSEA=0.056). There was a negative and significant relationship between cognitive flexibility (p=0.001, β= -0.262) and social support (p=0.001, -0.516) with Covid-19 anxiety. Using the bootstrap method, the mediating role of social support between cognitive flexibility and covid-19 disease anxiety was confirmed (p=0.008, -0.338).
Conclusion: Given the inverse relationship between the level of anxiety caused by the Covid-19 epidemic and cognitive flexibility and confirmation of the mediating role of social support in students, it seems necessary to improve psychological flexibility and supportive measures by the family and others during coronavirus epidemic.
Zahra Yarmohammadi, Morteza Taheri, Khadijeh Irandoust, Masoud Mirmoezzi, Fatemeh Mirakhori ,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (10-2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Covid-19 disease with widespread prevalence in 2019 worldwide has been identified as the biggest health threat, according to the definition of the World Health Organization (WHO), especially for children. In addition, sleep disorders are one of the consequences of this emerging disease; the aim of this study was to investigate the nutrition and sleep disorders of active and inactive children during the corona pandemic.
Methods: Random multistage cluster sampling was used in four geographical regions of Iran (north, south, west and east) in this research. This study was conducted in 2021 which the questionnaires were gathered from the cities and the sample size (194 people) was determined based on G-Power 3.1 software with 95% confidence and 80% statistical power (evaluation through virtual networks and web questionnaire). The Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) Questionnaire, the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) were used. Mann-Whitney U and T-Student tests were used to compare the two groups of active and inactive children. The significance level was considered at p≤0.05.
Results: The results showed that in the Covid-19 pandemic, the group of active children had a better level of physical activity (energy consumption) and status compared to the inactive children (p≤0.001). Also, it was shown that girls had more nutrition disorders than boys (p≤0.05), but there was no significant difference between sleep disorders between boys and girls, and there was no significant difference between nutrition disorders in active and inactive children.
Conclusion: In summary, during the Covid-19 pandemic, there was no difference in eating and sleeping disorders in active and inactive children, while gender is associated with nutrition disorders in children during Corona disease and was higher in girls than boys. It is suggested that parents pay more attention to physical activity and nutrition disorders in girls during home quarantine
Ensieh Ahmadpour, Maghsoud Piri, Mohammad Ali Azarbijani,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background & objective: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia among the elderly, threatening their quality of life. On the other hand, regular exercise is associated with improved brain health and cognitive function. However, the mechanisms of these benefits have not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 4 weeks of moderate intensity interval aerobic training on cognitive function and expression level of PGC1α and VEGF genes in the hippocampus of old rats with AD.
Methods: For this purpose, 20-month-old male Wistar rats were divided into three groups of AD (n=8), AD+exercise training (n=8) and control (n=8). Intra-hippocampal injection of Aβ42 was used to induce AD. The animals in the exercise group performed moderate-intensity interval aerobic exercise for 4 weeks, 5 days a week. To assess spatial learning and memory, the animals underwent the Morris water maze test 48 hours following the last training session. Then, the animals were killed and hippocampal tissue was extracted. Real time-PCR method was used to measure gene expression. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficient at the significance level of p£0.05.
Results: The results showed that Aβ42 injection impaired spatial learning and memory function and reduced the expression level of PGC1α and VEGF genes in hippocampal tissue (p£0.05). Aerobic exercise improved spatial learning and memory function and increased PGC1α and VEGF genes expression (p£0.01). Also, a significant positive relationship was observed between the PGC1α and VEGF gene expression levels in the hippocampus (r= 0.859, p≤0.01). In addition, there was a significant inverse relationship between PGC1α and VEGF genes expression and the mean time spent to find the platform (r= -0.9, p£0.01 and r= -0.750, p£0.01, respectively), and a significant positive relationship with the time spent in the target quadrant (r= -0.794, p£0.01 and r= -0.632, p£0.01, respectively).
Conclusion: In general, aerobic training improves spatial learning and memory performance in old animals with AD; up-regulation of the exercise-induced PGC1α/VEGF pathway in the brain, at least in part, appears to be involved in this adaptation.
Mehrdad Tashakkori Ghanbarian, Saeed Naghibi, Mohammad Shariatzadeh Jonaidi, Shahrzad Ansari,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background & objective: FoxO1 and STRA13 proteins play an important role in duplication and cellular metabolism, regulation of cell differentiation, apoptosis and reducing the spread of fat tissue in the body. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different intensities of aerobic training on the expression level of FoxO1 and STRA13 genes in subcutaneous adipose tissue of male Wistar rats.
Methods: In this experimental study, 32 male Wistar rats with a mean age of 8 weeks and weight of 237±33 gr were selected, and they were randomly divided into 4 equal groups including moderate-intensity aerobic training (MIT), high-intensity aerobic training (HIT), high-intensity interval aerobic training (HIIT) and control group. The training program was implemented 8 weeks and 5 sessions per week for the experimental groups,. Adipose tissue biopsy was performed 48 hours after the last training session to evaluate FoxO1 and STRA13 gene expression using RT-PCR method. Data were analyzed using One-way analysis of variance test using SPSS 24 software at the significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in the FoxO1 gene expression level in the subcutaneous tissue of male Wistar rats between HIT and control groups (p=0.0001). However, no significant difference was observed between experimental groups. In addition, there was a significant difference in STRA13 gene expression level in the subcutaneous tissue between MIT (p=0.008), HIT (p=0.0001) and HIIT (p=0.009) groups and control group.
Conclusion: According to the results, aerobic exercise with variety of intensity is effective in controlling the genes expression rate involved in fat metabolism and by reducing the FoxO1 and STRA13 genes expression, they cause the duplication and reduce the expansion of fat tissue.
Maryam Zolfali Pourfar , Farhad Rahmani Nia, Parvin Farzanegi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Dynamic disorders of mitochondria cause the pathogenesis of many diseases, such as type 2 diabetes. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the interactive effect of aerobic exercises and atorvastatin consumption on the expression of MFN1/2 and DRP1 in hepatocytes of rat liver with type 2 diabetes.
Methods: In this experimental study, 25 male rats were divided into 5 equal groups: diabetes, healthy control, persistence+diabetes, atorvastatin+diabetes, persistence+atorvastatin+ diabetes. Type 2 diabetes was induced by streptozotocin (STZ) in mice. The training groups performed the running program on the treadmill for eight weeks. Atorvastatin and atorvastatin-exercise groups received atorvastatin (10 mg/kg) by gavage. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were dissected; their liver tissue was removed and immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen solution at a temperature of minus 80 ° C to measure MFN1/2 and DRP1. One-way analysis of variance and Tukey post hoc test were used for statistical analysis at a significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The results showed that induction of type 2 diabetes decreased the expression of MFN1/2 and increased DRP1 compared to the healthy group. After eight weeks of intervention, a significant increase was observed in the expression level of MFN1 (p<0.05), but this increase was not significant in MFN2 and there was no significant difference in the expression of factors between the groups. Also, after eight weeks, a significant decrease in DRP1 gene expression was observed (p<0.05). This decrease was significant in comparison with the combined groups compared to the patient group.
Conclusion: It is possible that a combination of aerobic exercises and atorvastatin may positively regulate the expression of genes related to mitochondrial dynamics in diabetes.
Mahsa Mahboob, Sajjad Basharpour, Nader Hajilou, Elham Anbari, Habibeh Salvat,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The purpose of this study was to model the causal behaviors related to bullying based on the experience of child abuse mediating the role of emotional security.
Methods: Method of this research was correlational. The statistical population of this study included male high school students in Ardabil city in the academic year of 97-98 in which 385 people were selected as a statistical sample by cluster random sampling. Bernstein's Child abuse (CTQ) and Emotional Security Questionnaires were used to collect data. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling using AMOS22 and SPSS22 software.
Results: The results of the study were in line with the hypotheses that showed child abuse (p<0.05) had a positive effect and emotional security (p<0.05) had a negative effect on bullying-related behaviors. Also, the fit of the proposed model has a good fit and the variable power of emotional security in mediating the impact of child abuse on bullying-related behaviors was confirmed.
Conclusion: According to the results, parents should be aware of the devastating consequences of child abuse on their children's mental and physical health and the importance of emotional security and safety in their children's healthy development, to prevent and reduce bullying-related behaviors. Teachers and school officials should also be aware of bullying and related behaviors to reduce and prevent harmful effects on students.
Mehdi Hoseinnezhad, Naser Hamidi, Javad Mehrabi,
Volume 21, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: This research has been carried out in order to optimize technology development policies and reduce the costs of health technology development centers in universities of medical sciences. Identifying the influential factors in the growth of technology units helps the growth centers to more efficiently use the growth of knowledge-based companies and the development and progress of innovative entrepreneurs as a host environment for technology growth.
Methods: The current study is a qualitative research that was conducted by extracting qualitative data through semi-structured interviews with 31 managers of growth centers and managers of units located in growth centers and experts in the field of health entrepreneurship. It has been coded and categorized in three stages and the main and subcategories have been identified.
Results: The results show that for the growth of technology units in health technology growth centers, two basic variables of the growth center program and infrastructure have an effect on the efficiency of the centers and the growth of the units. This is despite the fact that according to the regional capacities of Type 3 medical sciences universities in the country, growth program factors have introduced more categories and less focus has been placed on infrastructure, so the growth plan is good. It can have a bigger share.
Conclusion: This research shows what categories are expected from the growth plan and infrastructures of health technology growth centers in few universities.
Ayda Naderi Pour, Soheila Derisavy Jorfian,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The 2019 coronavirus pandemic is a major threat to global public health due to unprecedented individual and social fear and anxiety and it puts significant stress on health-related quality of life and challenges health care professionals, including dentists, with increasing patient burdens, unprecedented disruptions in normal life and The high risk of being exposed to the disease has put them in stressful situations and therefore they are more exposed to stressful situations that can affect their quality of life. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of investigating the level of perceived stress and the quality of life of the students and professors of Ardabil Dental School in the face of the outbreak of the 2019 coronavirus disease in 2021 and the relationship between these two variables with the demographic characteristics of the participants.
Methods: To measure the level of perceived stress, Cohen's Perceived Stress Questionnaire was used, and to measure the quality of life, the World Health Organization Quality of Life Standard Questionnaire-Abbreviated (WHOQOL-BREF) was used. The statistical population in this study is all dental professors and dental students of the Faculty of Dentistry of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences. A significance level of less than 0.05 was considered.
Results: From the statistical population of this study, a total of 227 people including 33 professors and 194 students participated in the study. There was no significant relationship between demographic variables and perceived stress variables and quality of life. Perceived stress and quality of life were higher for professors than for students during the pandemic. There was a direct relationship between perceived stress variables and quality of life in both groups. The level of perceived stress in both groups was lower than the optimal level and the quality of life in both groups was higher than the optimal level.
Conclusion: Students and professors of Ardabil Faculty of Dentistry experienced moderate stress during the Covid-19 epidemic and had a good quality of life. By comparing between the two groups of participants, professors had more perceived stress.
Mohammad Fathi, Raziyeh Rezaei, Mostafa Bahrami,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Endurance activity affects muscles through changes in hormone- secretion and related receptors. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of endurance training on Thrap1 gene expression in cardiac tissue and fast and slow twitch skeletal muscles in male Wistar rats.
Methods: The subjects of this experimental study were 14 male rats with a mean and standard deviation of 234±34g, all of which were kept in natural conditions (free access to water and food, cycle of darkness and light, suitable temperature and humidity). They were randomly divided into two groups of control (n=7) and experimental (n=7). The experimental group had endurance activities 6 sessions per week at the speed of 30 meters per minute for 14 weeks. 48 hours after the last training session, they were anesthetized and dissected under sterile conditions, and Real- time RT-PCR method was employed to determine the gene expression. Finally,a t-test was used to evaluate the data.
Results: The results of this study showed that the expression of the Thrap1 gene in the soleus muscle (p=0.001) and heart (p=0.001) of experimental rats increased significantly, while there was not a significant change in the expression of the Thrap1 gene in fast twitch muscles (p=0.508) due to endurance activity.
Conclusions: It seems the expression of the Thrap1 gene in slow twitch muscles is more affected than fast twitch muscles by endurance activity.
Majid Asadi-Samani, Navid Jamali, Javad Saffari-Chaleshtori, Korosh Ashrafi-Dehkordi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase with regulatory activity in the cell cycle. Inhibitors of this protein are the treatment of choice for a variety of cancers by stopping the cell cycle. In this in silico study, the effects of docking and molecular dynamics of Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin on the inhibition of CDK-2 as one of the most important factors in the cell cycle have been investigated.
Methods: PDB file of CDK-2 protein as well as three-dimensional structures of Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin were obtained from the protein database (http://www.rcsb.org) and pubchem server, respectively. After simulating CDK-2 in Gromacs software, molecular docking of compounds on CDK-2 was performed by AutoDock 4.2 software. Finally, the most important molecular dynamics factors such as RMSD,the radius of gyration and total energy in the pre-docking state were analyzed and compared to these factors in the post-docking stage.
Results: Abemaciclib has the highest affinity for binding to amino acids at the CDK-2 binding site by releasing binding energy equivalent to 8.23 kJ/mol. The binding of Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin to CDK-2, resulted in significant reductions in some molecular dynamics factors such as mean total energy, the radius of gyration, RMSD, and changes in CDK-2 secondary structure.
Conclusion: Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin have a high tendency to interact with CDK-2, and this binding can induce significant dynamic molecular changes in the structure of CDK-2 molecule. Based on the results of molecular dynamics simulation, the secondary structure of CDK-2 changes after each ligand binds to it and makes the complex of ligand and protein more stable.
Katayoun Bahman Soufiani,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Low immunogenicity and targeted migration of mesenchymal stem cells to inflammatory sites have introduced these cells as the best vehicle for the delivery of gene or therapeutic products. Lentiviral vectors can be used as an efficient vehicle for inserting ectopic genes into stem cells. Therefore, the evaluation of the effect of lentiviral vectors on the identity, behavior and functional characteristics of the stem cells can show that vectors are safe tools in cell manipulation and gene therapy.
Methods: At first, three vectors of lentivirus were added to HEK-293T cells using calcium phosphate method. After confirming the expression of GFP protein in more than 80% of HEK-293T cells, viral supernatant was collected and concentrated. Human adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hASCs) were transduced with condensed viruses. After the elimination of the non-transduced cells by puromycin, transduced hASCs were evaluated for immunophenotyping and differentiation to adipocyte and osteocyte. Behavioral characteristics such as viability, migration and invasion were analyzed using MTT and transwell methods, respectively.
Results: In the current study, there was no significant difference in the expression of CD29, CD34, CD73 and differentiation to adipocyte and osteocyte in the test group when compared to the control group. Moreover, there was no significant difference between two study groups in the behavioral characteristics such as proliferation, invasion and migration.
Discussion: The findings of this study declare that lentiviral vectors do not have adverse effects on the identity and functional characteristics of stem cells. Therefore, they can be used in gene manipulation of the target cell.
Somayeh Zeynizadeh Jeddi, Mahzad Yousefian, Hamed Razmjoo Jelodar,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Lung involvement is crucial in patients with Covid-19. The CT scan plays a key role in diagnosing of this disease. This study aimed to survey CT scan involvement patterns in patients with suspected Covid-19 symptoms.
Methods: The present study was cross-sectional,analytical in which the statistical population was patients with typical clinical symptoms of Covid-19 who were referred to the hospital imaging center from March 2019 to May 2019. A total of 301 patients were randomly selected as a sample. Data analysis was performed using SPSS version 26 at a significance level of 0.05.
Results: The average age of the participants in the study was 54.6±17.6. 151 patients (50.2%) were male. 255 patients (84.7%) were treated on an outpatient basis, 37 patients (12.3%) were treated in the Non ICU ward and nine patients (3%) were treated in the intensive care unit(ICU). One hundred sixty eight patients (55.8%) with grand glass conflict, 25 patients (8.3%) with consolidation conflict, 49 patients (16.3%) with linear turbidity were identified while 44 patients (14.6%) had crazy paving, 7 patients (2.3%) had small nodules and 45 patients (15%) had round opacities on contrast-free CT scan. The pattern of conflict in the form of linear turbidity was directly and significantly related to the severity of the disease.
Conclusion: Imaging findings in patients with Covid-19 have a wide range. Despite these findings, attention should be paid to less common and rare signs and symptoms that can help make the right decision and more definitive diagnosis of the disease.
Afrouz Mardi, Golnaz Alizadeh,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Urinary tract infection is still one of the most common diseases that affect pregnant women. The aim of this study was to determine the impact of sexual hygiene behaviors on urinary tract infection in pregnant women.
Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 100 pregnant women with urinary tract infection (case group) and 150 pregnant women without urinary tract infection (control group) in health centers of Ardabil city in 2020. Purposive sampling was done in 6-10 weeks of pregnancy. The information was collected through a researcher-made questionnaire. SPSS 21 software was used for statistical analysis of data. The odds ratio (OR) of infection in both groups was estimated by logistic regression.
Results: Sexual health behaviors in the majority of women of the case group (47%) were average (with score of 50.1-66), but in the majority of the control group (49.33%) were good (with score of 66.1-84) (p<0.001). Sexual intercourse 3 or more times in a week in the last 30 days was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group (p=0.001). Spouse bathing before sexual intercourse was less in women in the case group than the control group (p=0.022). Statistically significant differences were observed in Pre-coital voiding (p=0.04), Post coital voiding (p=0.02) and post-coital bathing (p=0.03) in the two groups.
Conclusion: Sexual hygiene behaviors play an important role in preventing or contracting urinary tract infections. Therefore, training and improving hygiene behaviors in women and their spouses is an effective step in reducing urinary tract infections.
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