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Showing 46 results for Ros
Reza Najafi, Asadollah Asadi, Saber Zahri, Arash Abdolmaleki,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (4-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Tissue engineering is a growing field to repair and replace the defective function of damaged tissue or organ, and today it is proposed as a new treatment to replace conventional transplant methods. For this purpose, polymeric biomaterials (scaffolds) and living cells are used. The purpose of this study is to fabricate polycaprolactan (PCL) nanoscaffold and load silymarin on the nanoscaffold to check the biocompatibility and proliferation ability of pc12 cells on it.
Methods: In order to prepare polycaprolactan nanoscaffold and load silymarin on it, 7% polycaprolactan solution (dissolved in acetic acid) was mixed with silymarin solution with a concentration of 0.9% (weight percent), and then the scaffold was prepared using electrospinning device. The morphology of the scaffold was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the chemical structure of the scaffold was evaluated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Toxicity of the scaffold and cell survival of PC12 cells were investigated by MTT test and SEM microscope respectively.
Results: Examining the morphology of the scaffold and its chemical structure showed the appropriate porosity of the scaffold and the successful loading of silymarin on the PCL scaffold. The toxicity of the scaffold was investigated 24, 48 and 72 hours after the cultivation of PC12 cells, and the results showed an increase in cell viability and proper attachment of cells on the scaffold.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that the loading of silymarin on polycaprolactan scaffold increases the proliferation and survival of PC12 cells. Therefore, this scaffold can be a suitable candidate for nerve tissue engineering.
Hamideh Montazery Taleghani, Nader Shakeri, Khosro Ebrahim, Rahman Soori, Mandana Gholami,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background & objective: Diabetes causes chronic problems in the structure and function of tissues, such as apoptosis and fibrosis in addition to glycemic disorders. In this study the effect of 8 weeks of endurance and resistance training on various signaling pathways of apoptosis and tissue fibrosis of the heart of diabetic rats was investigated.
Methods: Thirty Wistar rats, approximately 8-10 weeks old, weight about 210-250 grams, received intraperitoneal injection of diabetic streptozotocin and were randomly divided into three groups: endurance training, resistance training and control group. The rats of the endurance training group were trained on the treadmill for 8 weeks, 5 days a week with intensity of vo2Max 60-80%. The resistance training group was trained on the ladder with a slope of 85 degrees and with a weight equals to 30-100% of their body weight. Forty eight hours after the last training session, blood samples were collected and ventricular tissues of mice were extracted. Glucose, insulin, serum insulin resistance index and Bcl-2, Bax, caspase 8 gene expression levels and Bax to Bcl-2 ratio were evaluated. Masson's trichrome and hematoxylin-eosin staining methods were used for histological examination of diabetic rat's heart structure to detect fibrosis.
Results: There was a significant decrease in Bax gene expression and the ratio of Bax to Bcl-2, and also there was a significant increase in Bcl-2 and caspase 8 in the endurance and resistance training groups in comparison with the control group. The rate of cardiomyocyte fiber rupture in the endurance and resistance groups was less than the control group, and the presence of lymphocyte cells was observed in some fibers in the control group. (p≤0.05).
Conclusion: The results showed that high-intensity resistance training and moderate-intensity endurance training can prevent tissue fibrosis caused by collagen deposition in diabetes, and these two types of training can reduce the factors involved in apoptosis both in the internal and external pathways. On the other hand, this training intensity can be used as an effective non-pharmacological method to reduce the problems of apoptosis and fibrosis caused by diabetes in the heart tissue.
Faezeh Abbasi, Rahmatollah Parandin, Pouya Pournaghi,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The pathophysiology of depression is very complex. Rosa canina L fruit contains various antioxidant compounds. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-depressant and anti-anxiety effects of the aqueous- alcoholic extract of the Rosa canina L fruit in the behavioral tests including forced swimming, tail suspension, maze, and sucrose preference tests, as well as biochemical tests such as antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels. Rosa canina L with high amounts of vitamin C, has anti-depressant and anxiety effects.
Methods: In this experimental study, 60 Syrian male mice were divided into 5 groups of 12, including the control group, the bisphenol A group, and three groups treated with oral bisphenol A at a dose of 125 mg/kg per day and the aqueous- alcoholic extract of the Rosa canina L fruit at doses of 100, 200, 400 mg/kg/day was administered from day 50 to 120 after birth. The data were analyzed using SPSS statistical software and the One Way ANOVA test. The level of significance was set at p<0.05.
Results: The findings showed that bisphenol A significantly increased the duration of immobility in the forced swimming and tail suspension test. The extract at the level of 400 mg/kg decreased the duration of immobility in both tests. Bisphenol A significantly reduced the antioxidant capacity of serum and brain. The extract at the level of 400 mg/kg significantly increased the antioxidant capacity of both the brain and serum.
Conclusion: The findings of this research showed that the fruit of the Rosa canina L has antioxidant effects, and with a significant decrease in antioxidant capacity and immobility in Syrian mice treated with the extract, therefore it has anti-depressant and anxiety effects.
Behrouz Shademan, Masoud Nikanfar, Jafar Rezaei, Mehdi Hassanpour, Mohammad Nouri, Alireza Nourazarian,
Volume 22, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Evidence suggests that microRNAs (miRNAs) are essential for immune cell differentiation and function. In addition, miRNAs play an essential role in regulating the expression of pro-inflammatory genes in neurons. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between miRNA expression and inflammatory markers in the CSF of patients with multiple sclerosis.
Methods: RT-PCR analysis was performed on CSF samples from patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and a control group to measure the expression level of miRNA-21, miRNA-155, miRNA-182, and miRNA-437. In addition, the levels of the inflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in CSF were measured using ELISA. A quantitative turbidimetric method was also used to measure high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP).
Results: A significant difference was found in the expression level of miRNAs and inflammatory factors in the CSF of patients with MS compared with the control group (p<0.05). The results of receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis showed the area under the curve for miRNA-21 (AUC=0.97, p<0.0001), miRNA-182 (AUC=0.97, p<0.0001), and miRNA-155 (AUC=0.96, p<0.0001). The miRNA-155 level in CSF played a very important role in the accurate diagnosis of MS. Significant correlations were found between inflammatory cytokines and miRNA-21, miRNA-155, and miRNA-182, as well as an indirect and moderate correlation between miRNA-437 and hs-CRP.
Conclusion: In MS patients, CSF levels of IL-1, IL-6, TNF-α, hs-CRP, and selected miRNAs can be used as biomarkers of CNS inflammation and neurodegenerative processes.
Mohammad Amani, Ali Hosseininia, Hamid Sheikhkanloui Milan,
Volume 23, Issue 1 (4-2023)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Parkinson’s disease is a disorder that causes progressive degeneration of neurons, and oxidative stress is increasingly implicated as a factor that contributes to its pathophysiology. Carnosic acid, a compound found in rosemary, can scavenge free radicals in the brain and decrease the risk of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s. Thus, this study explored the effect of this plant on the improvement of Parkinson’s disease.
Methods: The study used 35 male mice that were randomly divided into five groups (n=7 mice each). A control group, a Parkinson's group induced by MPTP toxin, and three groups that received aqueous extracts of rosemary at doses of 100, 150 and 200 mg/kg were included in the study. Measurements were made of lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase activity, muscle rigidity, and grip strength. Scores were calculated based on rotational behavior tests and scoring systems.
Results: Rosemary treatment at doses of 150 and 200 mg/kg significantly changed the level of superoxide dismutase activity, muscle rigidity test and rotational behavior of animals relative to the MPTP group. Moreover, the dose of 200 mg/kg of rosemary significantly modified lipid peroxidation relative to the MPTP group, although lipid peroxidation was still significantly higher than the control group.
Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the aqueous extract of Rosemary at a dose of 200 mg/kg can alleviate the signs of Parkinson’s disease and manage the disease.
Samaneh Alijanian, Masoumeh Asle Rousta, Golnaz Asaadi Tehrani,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (1-2024)
Abstract
Background: Many scientific Researches have shown that diethylnitrosamine, which is used to induce liver carcinoma, has destructive effects on the kidney. Menthol is a monoterpene type with antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-cancer effects. In the current study, we investigated the effect of menthol on the expression of tumor-related factors and HIF-1α/VEGF signaling in the kidney cells of mice receiving diethylnitrosamine.
Methods: In this research, 16 male mice at the age of 14 days were divided into four groups including Control, Menthol, Nitrosamine, and Nitrosamine-Menthol groups. Nitrosamine and Nitrosamine-Menthol groups received diethyl-nitrosamine intraperitoneally (25 mg/kg) at the age of 14 days. Menthol and Nitrosamine-Menthol groups also received menthol by gavage (50 mg/kg) three times a week for 6 consecutive months. At the end of this period, the expression level of SFRP1, VHL, CTNNB1, HIF-1α, and VEGF in the kidney cells was measured using real-time PCR method.
Results: Menthol treatment caused a significant increase in the expression level of SFRP1 (P=0.021) and VHL (P=0.013) and a significant decrease in the expression level of CTNNB1 (P=0.001), HIF-1α (P=0.000) and VEGF (P=0.000) in the kidney cells of Nitrosamine-Menthol treated group compared to the Nitrosamine group.
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that menthol prevents the decrease in the expression of tumor suppressor factors and the increase in the expression of tumor stimulating factors and factors effective in angiogenesis in the kidney of mice treated with diethyl-nitrosamine, so menthol is probably useful in prevention and treatment of renal cancer.
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