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Showing 22 results for Saleh
Zahra Kargar Dolatabadi, Abdossaleh Zar, Sara Zare Karizak, Rouhollah Ranjbar,
Volume 24, Issue 4 (Winter 2025)
Abstract
Background: Various signaling pathways are involved in causing hypertrophy in different organs of the body. One of these important pathways is the mTOR signaling pathway, which, as a key regulator in cellular growth and metabolism processes, plays an important role in muscle hypertrophy and kidney function. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of resistance training and Spirulina supplementation on the expression of IGF-1, AKT, Rheb, and TSC2 genes in male rats.
Methods: 32 male Sprague Dawley rats, 3 months old and weighing 150 ± 20 g, were randomly assigned to four groups: resistance training + spirulina supplement, resistance training, spirulina supplement, and control. Spirulina was orally administered to rats in the spirulina and resistance training plus spirulina groups at a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight per day for eight weeks. The resistance training protocol consisted of eight weeks of ladder climbing to a height of one meter. The expression levels of IGF-1, AKT, Rheb, and TSC2 were measured using Real-time PCR.
Results: The expression levels of IGF-1 (p<0.001), AKT (p<0.0001) and Rheb (p<0.0001) genes showed a significant increase in the exercise + supplement group. While the expression of TSC2 gene was significantly decreased in the exercise + supplement group (p<0.0001).
Conclusion: The findings indicate a positive effect of resistance training and Spirulina supplementation on the expression of IGF-1, AKT, Rheb, and TSC2 genes in kidney tissue.
Mohsen Salehi, Alireza Zeraatchi, Farzaneh Karamitanha, Gholamreza Hamidkholgh,
Volume 25, Issue 2 (Summer 2025)
Abstract
Background: Effective management of acute pain in patients with long-bone fractures is essential for comfort and procedural facilitation. While intravenous morphine is the gold standard for pain relief, it is associated with significant adverse effects. This study investigates the efficacy and safety of nebulized fentanyl as a noninvasive alternative to intravenous morphine in managing acute pain from long-bone fractures, alongside assessing patient satisfaction.
Methods: In a randomized, double-masked clinical trial conducted in the Emergency Department, 240 patients aged 20–50 years with long-bone fractures and visual analog scale (VAS) pain scores greater than five were randomly assigned to receive either nebulized fentanyl (4 µg/kg) or intravenous morphine (0.1 mg/kg). Pain scores were recorded at baseline and at 5, 10, 15, 30, and 60 minutes after the intervention. Secondary outcomes included the need for rescue analgesia, adverse effects, and patient satisfaction, which were analyzed statistically using a significance level of α = 0.05.
Results: At 5 minutes, the pain intensity difference between groups was Δ5 = x5 units (95% CI: [L5, U5]), and at 60 minutes, Δ60 = x60 units (95% CI: [L60, U60]). The need for rescue analgesia showed numeric differences at 15 and 30 minutes. Nausea/vomiting were more prevalent in the morphine group. Patient satisfaction was comparable between the two groups.
Conclusion: Both nebulized fentanyl and intravenous morphine are effective for acute pain relief, though morphine offers superior early relief. Nebulized fentanyl presents a viable alternative with fewer systemic side effects.
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