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  Background & Objectives: Septicemia is one of the serious infections of neonatal period that its microbial etiologies bacterial causes are different in various parts of the world. Incidence of sepsis in developing countries is much more than that of developed countries and it is one of the important causes of mortality and morbidity in neonatal period. This study was done to determine the microbial etiology, mortality and resistance pattern of septicemia.

 Methods: This study was a retrospective cross-sectional study for three years on blood cultures of 210 neonate admitted in pediatric hospital in Tabriz. Demographic information, clinical findings, types of bacteria in blood culture and antibiogram were analyzed.

 Results: Mean age of patients was 8±2 days in which sixty percent were male and the rest were female. Among 12 isolated bacteria, negative staphylococcus coagulase was the most common. 68.6% of isolated bacteria were positive gram. 31.4% of negative gram were in which klebsiella pneumoniae had the most frequent incidence. 22.9% of neonates died, in which 9% of them weighed less than 1500 grams. Among 8 antibiotics used by disc diffusion method, ampicillin showed the highest (97.4%) and vancomycin the lowest (6.7%) resistance.

 Conclusion: septicemia is still the main problem in neonatal ward and neonatal intensive care unit. The etiologic agents and resistance pattern of each area should be considered in starting empirical treatment.

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� Background & objectives: Obesity and visceral fat accumulation after menopause are associated with lipid profile changes, metabolic syndrome and c ardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8-week aerobic - resistance training and estrogen replacement therapy on visceral fat and cardiovascular risk factors in ov ariectomized rats.

� Methods: Fifty female Wistar rats were ov ariectomized and divided into 5 OVX groups (n=10 rats per group): Ovx+sedentary (Sedentary), aerobic - resistance training (Ovx+Exe), aerobic - resistance training+estrogen replacement therapy (Ovx+Exe+Est), estrogen replacement therapy (Ovx+Est) and vehicle group or sesame oil (Ovx+Oil). The exercise consisted of aerobic-resistance training (20 m/min, 3 days/week, 60 min/day, 10% slope, Load 3% body weight) 17b-estradiol valerate (30 �g/kg bw in 0.2 ml sesame oil) were injected subcutaneously three days a week during 8 week. The co-treatment group received both exercise and estradiol protocol as same as previous groups.

� Results: After 8-week of interventions, visceral fat significantly reduced by Ovx+Exe and Ovx+Exe+Est compared to Sedentary rats (p<0.05), however no significant difference in body weight was observed. BMI significantly reduced in Ovx+Exe and Ovx+Exe+Est groups compared to Sedentary group. Also, BMI significantly reduced in Ovx+Est compared to Ovx+Oilgroup (p<0.05). Although this intervention changed lipid profiles, they were not statistically significant in neither of groups. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed usingone-way ANOVA test followed by Tukey&rsquos post-hoc test. The differences were considered significant at p<0.05.

� Conclusion: Eight weeks aerobic-resistance training successfully decreases visceral fat and BMI.

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Introduction & objectives: Application of traditional medicine and identification of herbs to treat cancer are being on the rise. Little information is available on the anticancer effects of Smyrnium cordifolium bioss species. For this purpose, the present study investigated the cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of the alcoholic extract of S. cordifulium.
Methods: After preparing the plant and its alcoholic extract, different concentrations of the extract (0, 2, 10, 50 and 250 μg/ml) were added to the culture medium of MCF-7 cells. MTT assay was used to evaluate cytotoxicity of different extract concentrations. In addition, acridine orange-ethidium bromide staining was used to assess apoptosis rates. Data was analyzed by SPSS software at the significance level of 5%.
Results: the results of this study showed that S. cordifolium extract at 250μg/ml concentration had a more inhibitory effect on proliferation compared to other treatment groups. Moreover, this concentration (250μg/ml) had a significant effect on apoptosis in comparison with other concentrations.
Conclusion: In conclusion, it seems that alcoholic extract of S. cordifolium can partially reduce proliferation of cancer cells.