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Showing 8 results for Rafi
Esmaeil Pesianian, Ali Movaffagi , Abdolnaser Rafi, Mohammadali Hosseinpour Feizi ,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Winter 2007)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Ultrasound waves are extensively used for therapeutic application in physiotherapy. The therapeutic effects of ultrasound often result from the increasing temperature in the exposed tissues, although the nonthermal effects, such as cavitation have an important therapeutic role, the amount of heating depends upon the intensity and frequency of ultrasound. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of alterations in intensity and frequency of therapeutic ultrasound on chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Methods: This study which was a longitudinal and semi experimental one, was carried out in vivo condition as pre and post treatment. Twenty individuals were selected nonrandomly out of the patients referring to the physiotherapy unit. The studied samples were provided into four stages of before the treatment, the end of the fifth session, the end of the tenth session and a week after the end of the treatment, respectively. The treatment was carried out using ultrasound waves in different intensities and frequencies and the results obtained before the treatment were compared with three stages after the treatment. The results were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Friedman statistical tests. Results: The mean of the total number of chromosome aberrations at the first stage before exposure was 0.45 percent that in comparison comparing with the second stage after exposure it reached 1.62 percent (p=0.02), at the third stage to 3.23 percent (p=0.008) and at the fourth stage to 1.59 percent. A significant increase was observed between increase of ultr asound intensity and chromosom al aberrations frequency (p=0.002). Conclusion: It seems that exposure to therapeutic ultrasound waves with high intensities leads to an increase in the frequency of chromosome aberrations in the individuals undergoing exposure. However, increasing the frequency of these waves did not have significant effects on chromosome aberrations of the studied specimens.
Mohammad Rafiei , Vadood Norouzi , Vahid Sadeghifard, Saeid Hoseinnejad , Firouz Amani,
Volume 11, Issue 1 (spring 2011)
Abstract
Background & objectives: The hand is one of the sensivitive organs of the body. The hand injuries usually occur in workers and are one of the most common causes of disabilies. The aim of this study was to investigate the causes of the hand injuries leading to defect among industrial workers and farmers’ reffered to emergency department of Fatemi hospital in Ardabil. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, from January 2009 to Agust 2010, 100 patients with hand injuries were included. The data were collected by the chek list including: category of severity, time and type of incident, and location and cause of the injuri and then were analyzed statistically by Chi-square test. Results : Most of the industrial workers (58%) ranging as 20–29 years old and had 38 years as an average. Sixty two percent of them were working more than 8 hours per day and 64.7% experienced severe injuries in their hands. Amputation showed to be the most common injury in this group. Most of the farmers (30%) were in age group 20-29 years and from them 70% were working less than 8 hours per day. In this group, 54% of injuries occurred in left hand and the most common type of injuries was amputation (54%). Conclusion: The highest incidence of hand injuries has been shown to occur among industrial workers with 28 years as mean and working for more than 8 hours per day without any formal training before starting to work. So, it seems to be need we use the expert workers with the high level background and don’t use adolescents under 15 years.
Parsa Yousefi Chaijan, Farshad Jafari , Mohammad Rafiei , Hamid Sheykholeslami,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (autumn 2013)
Abstract
Background &Objectives: Antiemetic drugs can be used in complicated cases of vomiting secondary to gastroenteritis. There is no previous study dealing with the use of pyridoxine in treatment of vomiting in pediatrics. This Studyintendsto review the effects of intravenous pyridoxine on control of gastroenteritis related vomiting. Methods: This study is a single blind randomized clinical trial with placebo. A total number of 147 children diagnosed with gastroenteritis induced vomiting and admitted in Amirkabir hospital from August to December 2011 were studied and divided to two case andcontrol groups. In the control group intravenous fluid with distilled water (placebo) was used and the pyridoxine was given along with intravenous fluid therapy in case group. Since admission for three days, numbers of vomiting and other symptoms were collected in data form. Results were analyzed using SPSS-16 by means of descriptive analysis for basic information. Results: Most children were male, aged between 6 months and 2 years and having urban life. There was no significant difference between two groups in the mean of vomiting frequency during the period of hospitalization ( p>0.05 ). T here was also no significant difference between two groups in duration of hospitalization ( p=0.19). Conclusion: Based on this study pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) was not effective in treatment of vomiting due to gastroenteritis in children, and did not reduce the duration of hospitalization.
Saeideh Shakeri Hosseinabad, Gholamreza Shabanian, Sheida Shabanian , Mahmoud Rafiean , Souleiman Kheiri, Zahra Lorigooini, Koubra Masoodi,
Volume 17, Issue 3 (autumn 2017)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Pain is one of the most common post-operative complications of cesarean section, which is very important for mother in nursing a baby and breastfeeding. Finding ways to overcome this pain has always been a concern for researchers. Considering the application of plants in traditional medicine as sedatives, this study evaluated the effect of Dill seed oil on post-operative pain in patients with spinal anesthesia.
Methods: This double-blind, clinical trial was conducted on pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria and referred to Hajar hospital in Shahrekord, Iran during 2015-2016. By simple random sampling, the patients were divided into two groups. In the first group, 10 cc Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) seed oil was prescribed at intervals of half an hour and one hour before spinal anesthesia and half an hour , one hour and two hours after spinal anesthesia. In the second group, placebos (standard treatment) were prescribed at the same intervals. Pain and vital signs, including blood pressure, nausea , vomiting, heart rate, bleeding , use of narcotics and NSAID and any additional medications (such as atropine and ephedrine) were recorded and rechecked during surgery , thirty minutes after spinal anesthesia and one hour, four hours and twelve hours after cesarean section.
Results: The findings showed a significant difference between the two groups in the third stage of the study (4 hours after cesarean section) only in respiratory rate and in the fourth stage of the study (12 hours after cesarean section) in all vital signs (p<0.05). Also, the pain and nausea rate in the third and fourth stages of the study in the case group (Dill seed oil) were lower than those of the control group, indicating a significant difference in the pain level (p<0.05). The bleeding rate and use of NSAIDs and opioids twelve hours after caesarian section in the case group were significantly lower than those of the control group (p<0.05).
Conclusion: considering the effect of Dill (Anethum graveolens L.) seed oil on reducing pain, bleeding rate and use of narcotics and NSIADs, it can be used in women undergoing cesarean section.
Omid Ghane Azabadi, Farshideh Didgar, Nader Zarinfar, Fatemeh Rafiei, Zahra Eslamirad,
Volume 19, Issue 4 (winter 2019)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Impaired immune system provides favorable conditions for colonization by Acanthamoeba in the human body. In this case control study, we compared the molecular and culture methods in identifying Acanthamoeba in the nasal and oral secretions of HIV+/HIV human.
Methods: In a current case control study, nasal and oral discharge of 53, HIV+ patients and 53, HIV people were evaluated. The nasal and oral secretions of each patient were prepared by sterile swabs and transferred to the laboratory. All samples were cultured but only the positive samples used for molecular analysis.
Results: By cultivation method, of the 53, HIV+ patients, a total of 11 samples, including 5 nasal and 6 oral samples, were contaminated with Acanthamoeba. Of the 53, HIV people, 3 samples of nasal discharge were contaminated with this parasite. The molecular method approved the contamination of 10 samples, including 5 oral and 5 nasal samples from HIV+ patients with this parasite. Statistical analysis showed the rate of infection in HIV+ patients was significantly different compared to HIV people
Conclusion: The results of the current study showed that the rate of Acanthamoeba infection in HIV+ patients was higher than that of HIV- individuals. Also, considering that in the control group (HIV- individuals) only the nasal discharge were infected with the parasite, it seems that in the case group (HIV + patients) the infection of the oral discharge with the parasites is due to the entry of its cysts into the nose and transmission to the mouth
Fatemeh Hajibabaee, Seyedeh Khadijeh Moghimi Darzi, Farnaz Khatami, Hadis Ashrafizadeh, Amirahmad Shojaei,
Volume 21, Issue 3 (Autumn 2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Considering the importance of professional commitment in medical services, it is necessary to provide an appropriate questionnaire to measure professional commitment and behavior. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the psychometric properties of the questionnaire "Patients' views regarding the observance of professional behavior by specialist doctors".
Methods: The present study is a psychometric research that was conducted in four phases. The first phase of this study was based on a professional behavior tool guide, review of texts and collection of experts' opinions. in the second phase , determining the validity of items in the form of the face and content validity, in the third phase , the pilot study, and in the fourth phase,instrument reliability was conducted in two ways: internal consistency and instrument stability.
Results: A pool of 50 items was formed to design the questionnaire. After interviewing the study population and removing overlapping items, the number of items was reduced to 31 items. The results of CVR calculation showed that out of the total of 31 items, 13 items had a cutoff point less than 0.42, which were removed, and 18 items with a CVR score > 0.62 remained according to the opinion of the research team. In the face validity stage, the Impact factor < 1.5 was used as the basis for exclusion, and all the items had a high impact factor, and finally, the draft of the questionnairewas approved with the same 18 items. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.88 and the internal correlation coefficient of the questionnairewas 0.93, which indicated the appropriate reliability of the questionnaire.
Conclusion: Based on the results of the present study, the questionnaire on "Patients' views regarding the observance of professional behavior by a specialist physician" in Iranian society has the necessary content and face validity and adequate reliability. By using this questionnaire, hospital officials can check the status of professional ethics of their specialist physician from the patients' point of view and take effective measures to eliminate the shortcomings.
Majid Asadi-Samani, Navid Jamali, Javad Saffari-Chaleshtori, Korosh Ashrafi-Dehkordi,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) is a serine/threonine protein kinase with regulatory activity in the cell cycle. Inhibitors of this protein are the treatment of choice for a variety of cancers by stopping the cell cycle. In this in silico study, the effects of docking and molecular dynamics of Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin on the inhibition of CDK-2 as one of the most important factors in the cell cycle have been investigated.
Methods: PDB file of CDK-2 protein as well as three-dimensional structures of Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin were obtained from the protein database (http://www.rcsb.org) and pubchem server, respectively. After simulating CDK-2 in Gromacs software, molecular docking of compounds on CDK-2 was performed by AutoDock 4.2 software. Finally, the most important molecular dynamics factors such as RMSD,the radius of gyration and total energy in the pre-docking state were analyzed and compared to these factors in the post-docking stage.
Results: Abemaciclib has the highest affinity for binding to amino acids at the CDK-2 binding site by releasing binding energy equivalent to 8.23 kJ/mol. The binding of Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin to CDK-2, resulted in significant reductions in some molecular dynamics factors such as mean total energy, the radius of gyration, RMSD, and changes in CDK-2 secondary structure.
Conclusion: Abemaciclib, Hymenialdisine, and Indirubin have a high tendency to interact with CDK-2, and this binding can induce significant dynamic molecular changes in the structure of CDK-2 molecule. Based on the results of molecular dynamics simulation, the secondary structure of CDK-2 changes after each ligand binds to it and makes the complex of ligand and protein more stable.
Mehta Mir Hashemi, Abbas Tafakheri, Fatemeh Hajibabaee, Hadis Ashrafizadeh, Amir Ahmad Shojaei,
Volume 23, Issue 2 (summer 2023)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Futile or fruitless life-saving interventions are in conflict with the four principles of medical ethics, which are not only ineffective for the patients, but also have a high burden on society. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the causes of unsuccessful life-saving treatment and interventions from the point of view of care providers in the neurology and neurosurgery departments of Tehran University of Medical Sciences hospitals.
Methods: The present study is a descriptive cross-sectional study that was conducted on 64 doctors and 72 nurses working in hospitals affiliated to the Tehran University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A 25-item researcher-made questionnaire was used to collect data. Spss-24 software and descriptive statistics tests were used to analyze data.
Results: The average age of doctors and nurses was 34.25±5.1 and 35.12±8.2 years, respectively. From the point of view of physicians and nurses, the most important reason for the ineffective provision of life-saving services was the lack of legal, moral and Islamic permission and guidelines to cut off life support devices and the lack of resuscitation in patients facing death (end stages of life).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that, from the point of view of nurses, the most common reasons for providing futile care and cure are the moral and humane obligation of the treatment and care team to provide ineffective life-saving interventions, and from the point of view of the physician, the lack of legal, ethical and religious permission and instructions to cut off life support devices in patients has resulted in death. Some of the causes of unnecessary care were presented in this study, and some of these causes cannot be solved without solving theoretical problems and practical expert studies. Developing guidelines to define futile treatment, especially in end-of-life care, and providing solutions to control and manage treatment and unsuccessful life-saving interventions seems necessary.
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