Background & Objectives: Delivery is a process with pain so one of the midwives duties is to decrease the severity of pain during delivery so decrease in labor period has been much of a concern. Atropine and Hyosine are two common drugs in decreasing time of labor and decreasing the need for labor stimulation with oxytosine. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of hyoscine and atropine in the progress and time of labor.

 Methods:�This study was double blind clinical trial on 200 primiparous women who had labor pain and were admitted in labor in Alavi hospital in 2008. Who were randomly divided into two groups .the case group infused 20 mg Hyoscine with Atropine in the onset of active phase of labor (4cm dilation, Ruptured membrane) and in the control group 2cc, Dextrose water was infused 0.05. Then, progression in dilatation and effacement, time of active labor, time of 2^nd and 3^rd stage of labor, fetal heart rate monitoring, infant APGAR score of the 1^st and 5^th minute were registered. The data were analyzed by SPSS software using descriptive and analytical statistics as chi- square.

 Results: The findings indicated that there was a significant difference in dilatation & effacement between two groups (5/2cm/h, 1/5cm/h) (p<0.05). Duration of active phase of labor was 105 min in case group and 251 min in control group (p<0.05), duration of stage 2 was 17 min in case group and 33 min in the control group (p<0.05). Total time of labor and deliver (121 min in case group, 274 min in control group).incidence of Tachycardia and bradycardia in FHR in 30 min after infusion 25%(15% Tachycardia and 10% bradycardia in case group) 20% (12% Tachycardia and 8% bradycardia in control group) and no difference in two group was seen.

 Conclusion:�According to the finding s of this study Hyoscine and Atropine are effective in the progression of labor and delivery.

  Background & Objectives: Brucellosis is an infectious disease caused by intracellular pathogens of the genus Brucella that have their natural reservoir in domestic and wild animals. Many studies show that herbal medicines have been used safely and successfully to treat bacterial diseases without significant side effects and drug resistance problems.

  Methods: In this study aquatic, alcoholic and acetonic extracts of Eucalyptus globulus leaves were prepared, then MIC and MBC of extracts for B. melitensis 16M and B. abortus S99 were determined by broth macrodilution and agar well diffusion methods. In animal model study, 5 × 10⁵ CFU/mL of Brucellae was injected intraperitoneally (i.p) to female BALB/c mice. After 24 hours, 0.5mL (equivalent MBC) of each Eucalyptus globulus extracts was injected (i.p) After 7 days, in spleen the colonies of brucellae were counted on Muller-Hinton agar as standard protocol. 

  Results: The MIC and MBC of Eucalyptus globulus for B. melitensis M16 and B. abortus S99 were 1:80 (10.81 mg/mL) and 1:40 (21.62 mg/mL) for aquatic extract, 1:1280 (0.64 mg/mL) and 1:640 (1.29 mg/mL) for acetonic extract, and 1:2560 (0.31 mg/mL) and 1:1280 (0.63 mg/mL), for ethanolic extract respectively. In culture of spleen supernatant (in vivo), after 48 hours, the average grown B. melitensis 16M colonies for aquatic, ethanolic and acetonic extracts were 5×10³ CFU/ml, 2×10² CFU/ml and 6×10² CFU/ml, respectively in comparison with control group (4×10¹⁰ CFU/ml). These results for B.abortus S99 were 3×10³ CFU/ml, 1×10² CFU/ml and 3×10² CFU/ml, respectively in comparison with control group (9×10⁹ CFU/ml) The results showed that bacterial load was significantly decreased in all experimental groups (p<0.01). 

  Conclusion : The results of in vitro and in vivo indicate that ethanolic and acetonic extracts of Eucalyptus globulus have more effective antimicrobial activity on B.melitensis M16 and B.abortus S99 than aquatic extract. It seems that the extracts Eucalyptus globulus can be used in treatment of human and animal brucellosis.

  Background & Objectives: Establishing Counseling Centers for Behavioral Illnesses (CCBIs) is a practical solution for preventi ng AIDS, sexually-transmitted diseases, and drug abuse in countries that have successfully implemented prevention programs. More efficient management models can help such centers better achieve their goals using the inevitably limited existing resources. The main goal of this study was to design a domestic model for resource management at CCBIs.

  Methods: In this descriptive-comparative study, a form was designed to gather relevant data from countries being studied. Based on the study goals, gathered data were organized into comparative tables, based on which the primary model was designed. A questionnaire was used to test and validate the primary model. The model was finalized by collecting the opinions of 30 experts, faculty members, and managers from the Ministry of Health and Universities of Medical Sciences using the Delphi technique.

  Results: All countries studied had used their resources for managing prevention and treatment programs for AIDS and other behavioral diseases despite existing challenges. In most countries studied, the clinics were decentralized and counseling and contraception services were also provided in rural areas. Besides, such services were often integrated with primary care clinical services. Occasionally, internet-based, online counseling was also used.

  conclusion: The present investigation showed participation of non-governmental organizations, provision of all services free of charge, integration of services into primary care clinics, continuing education for the personnel of CCBIs, establishing special centers for high-risk groups such as sex workers, school-based health education, launching educational websites, and absorbing international aid can all contribute to improvement of resource management and performance at CCBIs.

  Background & Objectives: Obesity is an important risk factor for many diseases and hormonal and metabolic factors have a great impact on its development. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between leptin and growth hormones with anthropometric indices and blood glucose in healthy men.

  Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on 30 healthy adult men aged 18-49 years in Tonekabone city during 2011-2012. Samples were randomly selected and information on anthropometric parameters (waist circumference, body mass index and waist/hip ratio), fasting blood sugar, serum levels of leptin and growth hormones were recorded and blood sampling was performed After 12 hours of fasting (at 8 am). Data were analyzed using software SPSS 15 by non- parametric Mann – Whitney and Spearman test s and multiple regression analysis.

  Results: Serum leptin levels were negatively correlated with serum level of growth hormone ( P<0.05) and positively related to body mass index ( P<0.01) , waist circumference ( P<0.01) and the body weight ( P<0.05). Inverse relationship between serum growth hormone levels with age and fasting blood glucose were observed (P<0.05). Serum levels of leptin were significantly higher in overweight and obese than normal weight subjects (P<0.01) and mean leptin levels in subjects with central obesity ( waist circumference≥94cm) were significantly higher than men without central obesity (waist circumference<94cm) (P<0.01).

  Conclusion: This study showed that growth hormone level was negatively correlated with serum level of leptin. Low serum growth hormone and high serum leptin levels were associated with obesity and upper body fat distribution. Obesity and abdominal obesity are also associated with increased risk of metabolic syndrome