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Showing 8 results for Najafi
Saeid Khamnei , Nahid Ghandchilar, Hooshang Najafi, Mahdi Farhoudi,
Volume 6, Issue 1 (spring 2006)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Many researches have been conducted on autoregulation of cerebral blood flow (CBF), but its possible variations coincidence with postvagal tachycardia have not yet been studied. The present study searched for the effect of this phenomenon on CBF in young and middle-aged persons. Methods: 52 healthy volunteers including 13 young males (mean age 23.9±0.8), 13 young females (mean age 24.2±0.7), 13 middle-aged males (mean age 58±0.9) and 13 middle-aged females (mean age 56.4±0.7) went under the study. Flow velocity in middle cerebral artery (MCA) was assessed using transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasonography apparatus. Eckberg’s neck suction device was utilized to stimulate carotid baroreceptors. The data were analyzed using Minitab and SPSS software (rel. 10). Results: Concomitant to the carotid baroreceptors stimulation there was a significant reduction in heart rate in all groups (p<0.05), but mean cerebral blood flow did not change significantly. After ending the carotid baroreceptors stimulation and concomitant to PVT, mean cerebral blood flow increased in all groups except middle-aged males. This increase in CBF became significant in middle-aged females (p<0.05). Conclusion: The results of the present study indicate that cerebral blood flow autoregulation act effectively concomitant to acute stimulation of carotid baroreceptors and this efficacy is maintained until the middle-age, but when faced with PVT, cerebral blood flow autoregulation dose not act effectively.
Moslem Najafi, Tahereh Eteraf, Alireza Garjani,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (Spring 2008)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Some studies have shown the protective effects of Etomoxir and Ranolazine in the hypoxic and ischemic condition of the heart. However, at present, there has not been any comparative study between the effects of Etomoxir and Ranolazine on
ischemia/reperfusion injuries (esp. infarct size), So their effects on infarct size in the ischemic isolated rat heart were studied and compared.
Methods: Isolated rat hearts were divided into 3 groups randomly (n=6 in each group) and mounted on a Langendorff apparatus then perfused by a modified Krebs-Henseleit solution. In control group, the hearts were perfused by the solution at stabilization, 30min regional ischemia and 120min reperfusion while in the test groups they were perfused by enriched Krebs solution with 1μM of Etomoxir or 20μM of Ranolazine during ischemia/reperfusion. At the end of reperfusion, Evans Blue solution was infused to stain the non-ischemic area. Then the heart was incubated in 1% thriphenyl tetrazolium chloride solution and fixed by formalin. The infarct size was determined by a computerized planimetry package.
Results: The results showed that Etomoxir results in the significant decrease in the size of infracted area. In the control group, infarct size was 6.3±2.9%, while Etomoxir reduced infarct size to 20.9±5% (p< 0.01). Perfusion of the hearts by Ranolazine enriched Krebs solution produced greater reduction in infarct size (16.4±3.6%, p< 0.001). The effect was not statistically significant between the test groups.
Conclusion: It seems that Etomoxir (an inhibitor of fatty acid uptake by mitochondria) and Ranolazine (an inhibitor of fatty acid oxidation by mitochondria) probably, by indirect increasing of glucose oxidation, duning ischemia and reperfusion, may improve reperfusion recovery of ischemic heart and reduce infarct size. The results showed protective effects of Etomoxir and Ranolazine on infarct size without any significant difference between them.
Mohammad Dehgan, Neghin Akbari, Nazila Alborzi, Leili Najafi,
Volume 8, Issue 3 (Autumn 2008)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Even though there are different treatments for patients with pityriasis versicolor, there are not enough information about using new topical systemic treatments. In this study, the effect of clotrimazole VS topical fluconazole in treating patients with pityriasis was investigated.
Methods: A double blind randomized controlled trial was designed in dermatologic clinic of 5th Azar hospital Gorgan North of Iran, from April 2006 to May 2007. 120 patients were randomly divided into two groups: In the first group (G1), patients underwent treatment with single - dose of fluconazole capsule (400mg) and placebo cream. In the second group (G2), patients underwent treatment with clotrimazole cream (twice daily) and placebo capsule. The course of treatment was 2 weeks. All subjects were re-evaluated 2, 4 and 12 weeks after the end of the therapeutic course.
Results: In group one there were 50 patients and in group two 55. After 2 weeks, the rate of complete resolution of disease was significantly higher in G2 group than G1 (49.1% vs. 30%). After 4 weeks, 41 patients (81.2%) of G1 and 52 patients (94.9%) of G2 showed complete resolution. After 12 weeks 46 patients (92%) in G1 group and 45 patients (81.8%) in G2 group showed complete resolution. Recurrence rate in G1 and G2 groups were 6% and 18.2%, respectively. No complications were seen in the two groups.
Conclusion: In this study, clinical response at 4th week, in clotrimazole group was greater than fluconazole group. Recurrence at 12th week after treatment with oral fluconazole was less than clotrimazole cream.
Atefeh Ghanbari, Akramosadat Montazeri , Maryam Niknami , Zahra Atrkarroshan , Abdolrasool Sobhani, Behrooz Najafi,
Volume 10, Issue 4 (winter 2010)
Abstract
Background and objectives: Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting are the most important complications for cancer patients. Ginger is an effective herbal drug for the treatment of nausea and vomiting. It hasn’t any known side effects. In some countries, it is used for making of antiemetic drugs. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of ginger on the intensity of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting in cancer patients . Method: This study is a randomized, cross-over, double – blinded, clinical trial that was done on 44 cancer patients undergone chemotherapy. In the first cycle of the study, patients were assigned by four block random allocation to receive one of the antiemetic regimens regimen A (routine and 1gr ginger) and regimen B (routine and 1gr placebo). After 28 days, in the next cycle of chemotherapy, another regimen was administrated A or B plus chemotherapy drugs., the severity of the nausea and vomiting was measured in 4h (1, 2, 3, 4) after second dose and at the end of the 24h after receiving the first dose by using VAS and kortila tools .The data were analyzed by independent student t - test and non-parametric test (Mann-Whitney U test) by using SPSS, version 16 software . Results: The results showed that the frequencies of nausea and vomiting in two regimen groups weren’t different, but nausea score was significantly decreased in ginger group, compared to placebo. Independent student t - test and Mann-Whitney U test also revealed a significant difference on nausea scores in 3rd and 24th hour post chemotherapy (p=0.06, p=0.01, respectively). Conclusion: In respect to low nausea score in ginger regimen, compared to placebo, it seems ginger using is a safe and simple method and it can be used as antiemetic drugs in patient undergoing chemotherapy
Asadollah Asadi , Arash Abdolmaleki, Farhood Najafi,
Volume 13, Issue 1 (spring 2013)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: Polymers as drug carriers are recent advances in drug delivery and led to the new advent field that called polymer treatment. In the present study, the toxic and teratogenic effects of BDP18 were evaluated against chicken embryos as a model. Methods: The BDP18 tri-block copolymer (PLA-PEG2000-PLA) was synthesized. The compound solution was injected in triplicate examination, in the air sac of the eggs, at third day of incubation, and survived fraction of the embryos and Morphological and skeletal changes were recorded . Results: The survived fraction of the embryos depends on the compound concentration. In concentration of 20 mg/ml , 33.3% of the embryos were survived and the LD50 was 10.87 mg/egg . Morphological study of the treated embryos showed no abnormalities in embryos , and skeletal staining showed the deletion of caudal vertebrate in high concentration. Conclusion: The BDP18 copolymer had low toxic and teratogenic effects against the embryos, but it caused the deletion of caudal vertebrate at concentrations above the threshold (10 mg/ml). This polymer can be used as an effective drug -release system in low concentrations .
Mohammad Mehdi Zangeneh, Nader Goodarzi, Akram Zangeneh, Fariba Najafi, Reza Tahvilian,
Volume 17, Issue 4 (winter 2017)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Considering the prevalence of diabetes and importance of its prevention, control and treatment, using low-calorie natural sweetener is necessary. Hepatoprotective and antidiabetic properties of the aqueous extract of Stevia. rebaudiana were assessed in the present study.
Methods: In this study, 35 mature male mice were divided into 5 groups. Diabetes was induced by administration of 60 mg/kg of streptozotocin intraperitoneally. The negative control group received normal saline and treatment groups received glibenclamide with 0.5 mg/kg and 200 and 400 μg/kg of aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana through gavage for 15 days, respectively. Also, one group was considered as positive control (as non-treated diabetic). On the last day, the blood glucose levels of samples were measured. After periodic acid Schiff (PAS) staining, 5μm of sections were used for stereological analysis.
Results: The blood glucose level was decreased (p<0.05) significantly in aqueous extract-treated groups compared to the untreated diabetic mice. The weight and volume of kidneys, cortex, medulla, proximal and distal tubules, collecting ducts, loop of henle, interstitial tissues, vessels and length of renal tubules decreased significantly (p<0.05) after treatment with aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana (p<0.05). The number and volume of glomeruli restored toward normal levels with high doses of S. rebaudiana.
Conclusion: According to the obtained results, aqueous extract of S. rebaudiana (sweet fraction) can regulate the blood glucose levels and inhibit diabetes-induced renal damages. It seems that S. rebaudiana can be used as an antidiabetic and nephroprotective supplement.
Miss Neda Omidian, Houshang Najafi,
Volume 20, Issue 4 (winter 2021)
Abstract
Background & objectives: One of the most important causes of acute kidney injury is ischemia-reperfusion (IR). Some studies have shown that adenosine A1 receptor inhibition have protective effects against Ischemia–reperfusion induced renal injuries, while other studies have demonstrated the opposite. The aim of the present study was to review the methodology of these studies to reach a final conclusion about the effects of adenosine A1 receptor on ischemia-reperfusion-induced renal injuries.
Methods: Data base motors including Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct and Embase were searched. The terms and keywords used included ischemia-reperfusion, acute kidney injury, acute renal failure, A1 adenosine receptor and their combination.
Results: Increased adenosine levels following renal Ischemia-reperfusion cause vasoconstriction in afferent arteriole and vasodilatation in efferent arteriole through A1 adenosine receptor activation, which in turn reduces glomerular filtration rate (GFR). Inhibition of A1 adenosine receptor leads to short-term correction of renal functional parameters following renal Ischemia-reperfusion, by increasing renal blood flow and thus improving GFR. But this increase in GFR exacerbates kidney damages through the kidneys workload enhancement, which will show up in the next few hours.
Conclusions: Although selective inhibition of A1 adenosine receptor in the short term improves renal function parameters, but exacerbates renal damages in the following hours. Therefore, adenosine A1 receptor stimulation has protective effects against IR-induced kidney injury.
Reza Najafi, Asadollah Asadi, Saber Zahri, Arash Abdolmaleki,
Volume 22, Issue 1 (Spring 2022)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Tissue engineering is a growing field to repair and replace the defective function of damaged tissue or organ, and today it is proposed as a new treatment to replace conventional transplant methods. For this purpose, polymeric biomaterials (scaffolds) and living cells are used. The purpose of this study is to fabricate polycaprolactan (PCL) nanoscaffold and load silymarin on the nanoscaffold to check the biocompatibility and proliferation ability of pc12 cells on it.
Methods: In order to prepare polycaprolactan nanoscaffold and load silymarin on it, 7% polycaprolactan solution (dissolved in acetic acid) was mixed with silymarin solution with a concentration of 0.9% (weight percent), and then the scaffold was prepared using electrospinning device. The morphology of the scaffold was evaluated by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and the chemical structure of the scaffold was evaluated by ATR-FTIR spectroscopy. Toxicity of the scaffold and cell survival of PC12 cells were investigated by MTT test and SEM microscope respectively.
Results: Examining the morphology of the scaffold and its chemical structure showed the appropriate porosity of the scaffold and the successful loading of silymarin on the PCL scaffold. The toxicity of the scaffold was investigated 24, 48 and 72 hours after the cultivation of PC12 cells, and the results showed an increase in cell viability and proper attachment of cells on the scaffold.
Conclusion: The results of this research showed that the loading of silymarin on polycaprolactan scaffold increases the proliferation and survival of PC12 cells. Therefore, this scaffold can be a suitable candidate for nerve tissue engineering.
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