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Showing 13 results for Jafari
Simin Atash Khoii , Mehri Jafari Shobayri , Sohrab Negargar ,
Volume 5, Issue 1 (spring 2005)
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Pre-eclampsia is one of the common causes of maternal mortality. A main problem with induction of general anesthesia in these patients is exagergted increase of blood presscure during laryngoscopy and intubation that is associateed with a significantly increased intracranial pressure with the risk of cerebral hemorrhage. There are some strategies to minimize extreme increase in blood pressure during laryngoscopy and intubation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Fentanyl-Droperidol combination (Talamonal) on reducing cardiovascular responses due to laryngoscopy and intubation in preeclamptic parturient. Methods: Thirty preeclamptic parturients who were admitted for emergency caesarean section under general anesthesia were studied. All patients had diastolic pressures sustained at ≥ 100 mmHg, and had received antihypertensive therapy. A standard general anesthesia was induced in all patients. Fentanyl-Droperidol combination was used only in the case group five minutes before induction of anesthesia. Results: Arterial pressure and heart rate increases, improved in approximately 86.6 % of the case group. The mean increase in systolic pressure, and heart rate following laryngoscopy and intubation was significantly different in two groups (P=0.0001). There was no significant difference in the mean Apgar score of the neonates at 1 and 5 minutes after delivery in two groups. Conclusion: Using Fentanyl-Droperidol Combination during induction of anesthesia produced a clinically significant decrease in sympathetic response to laryngoscopy and intubation in most mothers, without any adverse effect on the neonates.
Mehri Jafari Shobeiri , Simin Atash Khoii ,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (Summer 2005)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: It is estimated that as many as 75% of women experience at least one episode of vulvovaginal candidiasis during the lifetime and about 5% will have recurrent infections. There are clear association between vaginal candidiasis and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this study was to determine whether non-diabetic women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis have an impaired glucose metabolism. Methods: This case-control study was carried out with 32 patients suffering from recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis as case group and 30 control patients who had negative history of vaginal candidiasis during the previous year and had referred to the clinics for reasons other than vaginal candidiasis. The case group had referrd to the gynecology clinics three times during the previous year and were recognized to have vaginal candidiasis. They were being treated by antifungal drugs and had at least one positive candida culture. Both groups underwent standardized oral glucose tolerance test with 75-gram dose of glucose. The data were analysed using Chi-square and t-test. Results: Women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis had a mean body mass index greater than the control subjects (23.4 versus 21.5, p=0.001). They had no more incidences of overt or preclinical diabetes mellitus than the control subjects, but a greater proportion of them had at least one glucose concentration above the 95th percentile (p=0.015). Glucose concentrations were significantly higher in recurrent vaginal candidiasis cases than in control subjecs at 30, 60 and 75 minutes after the intake of 75-gram dose of glucose (p<0.05). This amount of glucose led to a 15.8% increase in serum glucose level in case group compared to the control group. Conclusion: Glucose tolerance test was mildy impaired in women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis. The plasma glucose concentration increased in 2 hours after 75 g glucose intake. Although the obtained results were not in the range of occult diabetes, it can designate the important of glucose tolerance test in women with recurrent vaginal candidiasis.
Jafari Rahimi Panahi , Ata Mahmoudpour , Sohrab Negargar, Rasool Azarfarin ,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (Summer 2005)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: One of the most common ways in intubation without muscle relaxant is using propofol and remifentanil. The common practice is injection of remifentanil and then propofol. This occasionally produces severe hemodynamic changes. The aim of this study is to inject propofol followed by remifentanil for evaluating the effect of the order of injection on decreasing these complications. Methods: 40 patients with American Society of Anesthesia (ASA) class I-II, who underwent minor elective surgery with airway mallampati class I-II entered the study. Patients were randomized into 2 groups each with 20 patients. The first group received 2.5mg/kg propofol followed by 1.5 g/mg remifentanil while the second group received 1.5 g/mg remifentanil followed by 2.5 mg/kg propofol. Laryngoscopy and hemodynamic changes were compared in two groups. Resutls: There was no difference between two groups in laryngoscopy attempts (P=0.145) but the frequency of easy laryngoscopy in the first group (85%) was more than the second group (60%) (P=0.031). Systolic blood pressure changes after laryngoscopy in the first group (20 7.7 mmHg) was less than the second group (28 6.7 mmHg) (P=0.001). There was no statistical significant difference between two groups in diastolic blood pressure and heart rate changes (P=0.88, P=0.86 respectively). Conclusion: Administrations of propofol before remifentanil during anesthesia induction produces acceptable hemodynamic changes in patients.
Ali Nemmati , Soheila Refahi, Manoochehr Barak , Manije Jafari , Gholamhosein Ettehad,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (spring 2007)
Abstract
Background & Objectives: 11% of all newborns in the developing countries suffer from low birth weight (LBW). Birth weight has an important role in individual health, family and society. Lower and higher birth weight from standard rate lead to morbidity and mortality. The purpose of this study was to determine associations between some of maternal anthropometric measurements such as BMI, pre-gravida weight, height, age with birth weight. Methods: This is an analytical-descriptive study, in which there were 300 pregnant women who hard referred to Alavi Hospital, Ardebil for delivery. Maternal pre-gravida height, weight and birth weight were collected from their units. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated by dividing the maternal pre-gravida weight in kg by height in m squared (kg/m2). The relationship between maternal anthropometric measurements and birth weight was analyzed by t-test. Results: Our study showed that 32 (10.7%) women had BMI<19.8, 185 (61.7%) BMI=19.8-26 and 83 (27.7%) BMI>26. 36.3% of women were under 55 kg, 48.3% between 55 to 70 kg and 15.3% over 70 kg. The relationship between maternal pre-gravida BMI, weight and birth weight was statistically significant (p=0.001). There was no significant difference between maternal age and neonatal birth weight. Conclusion: Pre-gravida body mass index (BMI) and weight could be two important anthropometric measurements associated with birth weight. Thus, it is recommended that women give adequate preconceptional and prenatal care to decrease the amount of LBW and HBW in population.
Nayereh Amini Sani , Darioush Savadi Oskoui, Seyedmorteza Shamshirgaran, Saeid Dastgiri , Mazyar Hashemilar, Maryam Jafariani,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (Winter 2007)
Abstract
Background & Objective: Cerebrovascular disease mortality rates have declined in some countries during recent decades. Changes in mortality rates over time could be attributed to changes in disease incidence or case fatality rate. Very few studies have provided information regarding survival after stroke. We aimed to determine the case-fatality rate (28 days) among patients with first-ever stroke from a population-based study in Ardabil province, Northwest of Iran. Methods: This study was conducted between May 2005 and February 2006, all individuals with an acute stroke who were residents in Ardabil province and hospitalized at Alavi Hospital, were registered prospectively and assessed according to standardized diagnostic criteria. The data were analyzed through SPSS, Chi square and variance analysis. Results: A total of 352 patients with first-ever stroke were registered, and 346 (96%) were followed up. 288 (81.8%) ischemic stroke, 16.2% (57) ICH and 2% SAH. By 28 days, 70 patients (20.3%) had died. Hypertension, diabetes and cardiac disease history were reported in 61.6%, 16.8% and 26.1% respectively and 19.8% of patients were smokers. Mean age of survivors was different from patients who died at 28 days after index event (64.2±12.9 VS 69.1±10.9, p=0.03). The proportion surviving 28 days varied from 16.2% among patients with ischemic stroke to 43% among ICH and SAH. For ischemic stroke, Survival rates were similar for men and women, whereas men with ICH had lower survival than women. Conclusion: Case fatality rate after first-ever stroke is substantial. Rates of mortality differ according to patients diagnosis, age, sex, and heart disease. These data highlight the importance of long-term secondary prevention.
Parsa Yousefi Chaijan, Farshad Jafari , Mohammad Rafiei , Hamid Sheykholeslami,
Volume 13, Issue 3 (autumn 2013)
Abstract
Background &Objectives: Antiemetic drugs can be used in complicated cases of vomiting secondary to gastroenteritis. There is no previous study dealing with the use of pyridoxine in treatment of vomiting in pediatrics. This Studyintendsto review the effects of intravenous pyridoxine on control of gastroenteritis related vomiting. Methods: This study is a single blind randomized clinical trial with placebo. A total number of 147 children diagnosed with gastroenteritis induced vomiting and admitted in Amirkabir hospital from August to December 2011 were studied and divided to two case andcontrol groups. In the control group intravenous fluid with distilled water (placebo) was used and the pyridoxine was given along with intravenous fluid therapy in case group. Since admission for three days, numbers of vomiting and other symptoms were collected in data form. Results were analyzed using SPSS-16 by means of descriptive analysis for basic information. Results: Most children were male, aged between 6 months and 2 years and having urban life. There was no significant difference between two groups in the mean of vomiting frequency during the period of hospitalization ( p>0.05 ). T here was also no significant difference between two groups in duration of hospitalization ( p=0.19). Conclusion: Based on this study pyridoxine (Vitamin B6) was not effective in treatment of vomiting due to gastroenteritis in children, and did not reduce the duration of hospitalization.
Mohammad Hosein Razi Jalali , Somayieh Bahrami, Arash Jafari,
Volume 13, Issue 4 (Winter 2013)
Abstract
Introduction and objective: Dicrocoelium dendriticum is a worldwide spread parasite of liver, bile ducts and gallbladder of especially ruminants and humans as well. Identification of specific antigens is useful for early diagnosis of the infection. The goal of this study was the isolation and identification of excretory-secretory and somatic antigens from D. dendriticum by sodium dodecyl sulphate (SDS)-PAGE and evaluation of humoral immune response against these antigens. Methods: The parasites were collected and washed by phosphate buffered saline (PBS) and supplemented by antibiotic for several times. For preparing somatic antigens, parasites were sonicated and centrifuged prior to collect supernatant. For preparing excretory-secretory antigens the viable parasites were transferred to the sterile medium. The samples were centrifuged and supernatants were collected. The sera of infected sheep with different infection degrees were collected too. Somatic and excretory-secretory proteins were isolated with SDS PAGE and stained with coomassie blue. Immunogenicity properties of the resulting proteins were determined using western blot analysis. Results: The total extract of somatic antigens analyzed by SDS-PAGE revealed 21 proteins. In mild infection, bands of 130 KDa were immune dominant. In moderate infections 48, 80 and 130 KDa and in heavy infections 48, 60, 80, 130 KDa were detected as immune dominant bands. In excretory- secretory antigens seven bands of protein were detected. In mild infection 130 KDa, in moderate infection 100, 120 and 130 KDa and in heavy infection 45, 80, 85, 100, 120 and 130 KDa were immune dominant bands. Conclusion: Probably the most immunogenic protein band during different degrees of infection was 130KDa that can be used for vaccination and inducing immunity.
K Tahmasebi, M Jafari, F Izadi,
Volume 15, Issue 2 (summer 2015)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Diazinon (DZN) as an organophosphate pesticide widely used in agriculture is associated with reducing the antioxidant capacity of the cell. Use of thiol compounds such as N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) as an antioxidant decreases oxidative stress in the cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of NAC as an antioxidant against DZN- induced oxidative stress in rat brain and heart.
Methods: In present experimental study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups including: control group (corn oil as DZN solvent), DZN group (100 mg/kg), NAC group (160 mg/kg), and NAC+DZN, all of which were given intraperitoneally. 24 hours after injection, animals were anesthetized by ether, and the brain and heart tissues were quickly removed. After tissues hemogenation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, as well as glutathione (GSH) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were determined by biochemical methods.
Results: DZN increased SOD and GST activities and MDA level and decreased LDH activity and GSH content in brain and heart. Also, DZN increased CAT activity in the heart and increased it in the brain. Administration of NAC inhibited the change in these parameters.
Conclusion: DZN through free radical production leads to enhanced membrane lipid peroxidation, depleted GSH content and oxidative stress induction in the brain and the heart. Administration of NAC as antioxidant decreases the DZN-induced oxidative stress by scavenging free radicals and GSH synthesis, but its protection is not complete.
Sahar Jafari, Alireza Mehdizadeh , Saeid Ghavamzadeh,
Volume 16, Issue 2 (summer 2016)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Type 2 diabetes is a metabolic disorder considered as one of the most common chronic diseases in many countries, including Iran. One of the reducing factors in insulin sensitivity is increased serum levels of inflammatory factors like hsCRP and TNF-α. On the other hand, in recent years, Cuminum Cyminum is known as one of the potent herbs in the treatment of diabetes type 2 in animal studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of two doses of 50 and 100 mg of Cuminum Cyminum extract on glycemic indices and indicators of inflammation in human subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods: This study is a double blind randomized clinical trial performed in Urmia city on 2015. Samples were selected based on inclusion criteria and randomly divided into 3 groups: two groups receiving Cuminum Cyminum extract of 50 and 100 mg per day and the control (placebo) group. Before and 8 weeks after intervention, fasting blood sugar, serum insulin and inflammatory profile of hsCRP and TNF-α were measured. Data were analyzed by SPSS and the effect of supplementation was studied.
Results: The mean age of the all participants was 47.33±6.36. Results showed that the mean fasting blood sugar (FBS), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and serum insulin reduced significantly in the both groups receiving Cuminum extract of 50 and 100 mg(p<0.01)., but increased in the placebo group. Average hsCRP and TNF-α levels have shown significant reduction at the beginning and end of the study in either group receiving 50 and 100 mg of supplementation (p<0.01).
Conclusion: This study indicates that short-term daily supplementation of Cuminum Cyminum extract at the doses of 50 or 100mg in patients with type 2 diabetes during 8 weeks may act to reduce the serum levels of insulin, blood glucose, glycosylated hemoglobin and hsCRP and TNF-α levels, and also may be fruitful for control of this disease.
Shabnam Jafari Zare , Roya Jafary , Roya Motavalli,
Volume 16, Issue 4 (winter 2016)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Early diagnosis of preeclampsia and its severity in pregnant women is greatly important for controlling this disease and preventing subsequent dangers for mother and the fetus. Current study is conducted to assess neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a determining factor for the severity of the disease in patients with preeclampsia referring to Sabalan hospital, Ardabil.
Methods: This was a case control study on 50 pregnant women with severe preeclampsia (group 1), 50 pregnant women with mild preeclampsia (group 2), and 50 healthy pregnant women (group 3). The groups were homogenized for basic variants including age, gestational age, mean BMI, gravid and parity. Required information including age, gestational week, BMI, gravid, parity, 24-hour urine protein, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and NLR were obtained and analyzed.
Results: The NLR was significantly higher in women with severe preeclampsia compared with mild preeclampsia (p=0.031) and healthy women (p<0.001). NLR did not show difference between mild preeclampsia and healthy women (p=0.209). Significant positive correlation was also observed between NLR and proteinuria (p<0.0001, r=0.558), systolic blood pressure (p=0.0026, r=0.244), and diastolic blood pressure (p=0.0028, r=0.242).
Conclusion: This study showed that maternal NLR can be used as a marker for preeclampsia severity.
Golsom Sorazar, Habib Tavassoli, Shshla Farzi Poor , Behbod Jafari, Masoud Nemati Attar ,
Volume 18, Issue 1 (spring 2018)
Abstract
Background & objectives: Vaginal microbial infections are common, and involvement of bacterial agents in genital infection is equal to that of fungal and protozoal agents. Gardnerella vaginalis is an organism that is often thought to play the most important role in bacterial vaginosis. The aim of this study was to compare the value of the diagnostic method of cultivation with Amsel standard in the diagnosis of Gardnerella Vaginalis infection in patients with genital tract infection.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed on 150 women aged 15-55 years who complained of vaginal discharge during the period of the study, Jan 2017 to July 2017, in Alawi Hospital in Ardabil and were examined by a clinical examination. For each of the patients, three of the four diagnostic criteria of Amsel, including homogeneous discharge, PH measurements and whiff test were performed, and if two of them were positive, a questionnaire containing general and clinical information was completed. Using three sterile swabs, samples were taken from vaginal discharge. The first swab was used for culture, the second swab for the whiff testing and the third swab for Papanicolaou staining and verifying the presence of clue cell in the vaginal smear sample as a fourth grade of Amsel to diagnose bacterial vaginosis. In general, if three of the four Amsel criteria were positive in one person, it was considered to be positive in terms of Amsel's standard.
Results: Of 150 participants, 21 were diagnosed with Gardnerella vaginalis infection, of which 14 cases (%66.6) had positive Gardnerella culture. All of 21 patients (%100) with Gardnerella vaginalis had clue cells in Pap smear. The pH of vaginal discharge of 20 samples was 4.5 (%95.23), 18 samples had positive Amine tests (%85.71) and 16 samples had homogeneous secretion (%76.19).
Conclusion: The results of this study showed that culture method in comparison with Amsel diagnostic criteria did not have sufficient accuracy to detect Gardnerella vaginalis infection. In addition, the culture method is costly and time consuming.
Saba Ramezanzadeh, Golam Reza Barzegar, Hamid Oveisi Oskouei, Majid Pirestani, Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei, Farzaneh Jafarian, Ehsan Ahmadpour, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini,
Volume 23, Issue 4 (Winter 2024)
Abstract
Background: Opportunistic pathogens such as Cryptosporidium, Isospora belli, Blastocystis, etc. cause various gastrointestinal and non-digestive diseases in people with HIV. These symptoms are especially severe in people with HIV who have a CD4 count of less than 200. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of parasitic infections in people living with HIV in Tabriz.
Methods: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was performed on137 people with HIV referred to Behavioral Disease Counseling Centers in Tabriz, 2019-2021. Then, after receiving written consent, fecal samples were collected and evaluated for the detection of parasitic infections using direct methods, Ziehl-Neelsen and Trichrome Weber stain.
Results: A total of 137 stool samples were collected, including 93 males and 44 females. Most of them were in the age range of 20-60 years. The overall frequency of parasitic infections was 57.7% and the highest prevalence was related to Blastocystis 24.1% and Cryptosporidium 14.6%.
Conclusion: Due to the relatively high prevalence of parasitic infections, especially Blastocystis and Cryptosporidium in people with HIV in Tabriz, which can endanger the health of these patients, essential interventions, including personal hygiene training to control and prevent infection with these pathogens, seem to be necessary.
Maryam Nazari, Nilofar Saeli, Mohsen Arzanlou, Saghar Jafari-Ramedani, Hafez Mirzanejad-Asl, Farzad Khademi, Aida Alinezhad,
Volume 24, Issue 1 (Spring 2024)
Abstract
Background: Antibiotic resistance represents a critical global concern within the medical community, posing significant challenges in the treatment of infections caused by drug-resistant pathogens. Over the years, broad-spectrum fluoroquinolones have been extensively used to treat infections caused by both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In this study, we decided to assess the prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance mechanisms among clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa in Ardabil hospitals.
Methods: We analyzed a total of 200 clinical isolates of P. aeruginosa, collected between June 2019 and May 2023. The antibiotic resistance profiles of these strains against various fluoroquinolone antibiotics were determined using the disk diffusion method. Additionally, we investigated the presence of qnrA, qnrB, qnrC, qnrD, and qnrS genes through polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis. Furthermore, we assessed the expression levels of efflux pump genes and outer membrane porin genes using the quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) in fluoroquinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa strains.
Results: Our findings revealed that 69% of P. aeruginosa strains were resistant to fluoroquinolones. The resistance rates for different fluoroquinolones were as follows: ciprofloxacin 55.5%, ofloxacin 62%, norfloxacin 53.5%, lomefloxacin 55.3%, and levofloxacin 55.5%. Notably, 78.9% of these strains exhibited multidrug resistance (MDR). Among the qnr genes, qnrB was the most prevalent (2.9%). No other qnr genes were identified. Interestingly, 75% of P. aeruginosa strains carrying the qnrB gene showed overexpression of efflux pump genes, while 100% exhibited down-regulation of the oprD gene.
Conclusion: Given the high prevalence of fluoroquinolone-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates in Ardabil hospitals and the multifactorial nature of resistance, continuous monitoring of antibiotic resistance trends and understanding the underlying resistance mechanisms are crucial for selecting appropriate treatment strategies.
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