Background & Objectives: Intensive care unit (ICU) is one of the most critical parts of the hospital. In other words the intensive care means taking care of patients suffering fram acute and life-threaning diseases by the most expert personnel, using modern equipment and facilities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mortality rate of the patients admitted to ICU and the effective factors in at Ardabil Fatemi Hospital.

  Methods: This is descriptive-cross sectional study carried out on the patients admitted to surgical and neurosurgical ICU in Ardabil Fatemi Hosbital from June 2005 to June 2006. Among all the patients admitted to ICU (903 patients) who were under investigation, only those who died were included in the study. The effective factors were age, gender, previous sickne type of illness, complications, ventilator connection requirment. The information collected using the questionnaire and the data were analyzed with spss and chi square statistical programs.

  Results: From the total namber of 903 patients admitted to ICU 140 (15.5%) of them died. According to the information collected 72.8% of the cases were male and 27.2% were female. The age range of pateints was 10-80 years old. The mortality rate was high among the patients over 60 years old. The second one was 21-30 years old. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first five days of admission to the ICU 92.8% of these patients were being ventilated, 48.5% had a history of underlying diseases and 33.5% were afflicted with CNS trauma.

  Conclusion: Accordig to the findings, there was a significant relationship between traumatic patients and the mortality rate. The CNS trauma was the most prevalent factor of death in ICU. It is also noticeable that the mortality rate was higher in males and the old age group.

  Background & Objectives: Esophageal carcinoma has more prevalency in northwest of Iran. Relapsing dysphagea after esophagectomy is one of the common delayed complication. It emerges due to technique of surgery. Reflux and or leakage in anastomotic area. The aim of this study is to evaluate the prevalence and etiologies of dysphagea after esophagectomy and postoperative endoscopic dilation results.

  Methods: This is a retrospective discreptive study, during 2000-2005 at Imam Khomeini hospital, all patients who had esophagectomy because of esophageal carcinomas entered this study. Data collected from medical records, Primary tumoral diagnosis, operation endoscopy, dysphagea, histopathological findings, Postoperative complications, especially dysphagia and it’s etiology, and different methods of therapy, reoperation and or endoscopic dilatation were studied.

  Results: Among 324 patients 81 patients had esophagectomy for esophageal carcinomas. In eighteen patients (22.2%), dysphagea reappered after operation. Rate of dysphagea in patients with carcinoma of lower one third area was 5.3 times greater than middle third of the esophagus. Mean time between first hospitalization and second hospitalization due to relapsing dysphagea was 10.03 months. The main cause of relapsing dysphagia in 88.24%, was benign stricture in anastomotic area. 17 patients with endoscopic dilation and one patient with surgical stricturoplasty, were treated.

  Inguinal hernia is a common disease of middle age and older. This case is one of huge and rare inguinal hernia with the size of 30 × 30 × 35 cm. A sixty years old man was referred to hospital with a big mass in left inguinal area and problem of walking and wearing of clothes. At physical examination, a massive left-sided inguinal hernia was observed. The surgery operation was carried out with the technique of Bassini and using of mesh the tissues of inside sac include omentum and gut returned into the abdomen manually. The patient was followed for 3-6 months. Similar cases were reported from India and Japan previously.

  Background & Objectives: Consumption of ω3 fatty acids supplementation inhibits oxidative stress injury, increases activity of antioxidant enzymes and decreases lipid peroxidation in gastric cancer patients. In this study, we examined effects of ω-3 fatty acid intakes on oxidative stress in gastric cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

  Methods: This double blind clinical trial study was conducted on 30 adult patients (15 cases and 15 controls) with gastric cancer during chemotherapy in Ardabil city in 2010. Case and control groups were selected by randomized allocation. Three grams ω -3 fatty acid supplementation (1.8 g EPA & 1.2 g DHA in 10 g fish oil) and placebo were given case and control groups for 45 days, respectively. Anthropometric indices (weight, height & BMI) were measured. Blood samples were taken and then biochemical factors including triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, MDA, and total antioxidants were evaluated at the beginning, middle and end of the study . The data were analyzed by using Paired sample t-test, Independent sample t-test and repeated measures test.

  Results: MDA, Weight and BMI of omega group after intervention were significantly more than control group at the end of the study (p<0.05). Weight and BMI were decreased but serum MDA was significantly increased in control group during the study (p<0.05). Weight, BMI , and total antioxidants were significantly increased in omega group during day 30-45, (p<0.05). There were no significant differences in other biochemical factors at the end of study.

  Conclusion: The present investigation shows administration of ω3 fatty acid supplements to gastric cancer patients during chemotherapy increases the total antioxidants capacity and prevents the enhancement of oxidative stress.

  Uterus leiomyomas are the most common benign tumors and usually are asymptomatic. This article is a report of an approximately large Myoma (12 × 12 × 21 cm). The subject was a 40-year-old woman with pelvic fracture. While examining, a large mass was found in the pelvic. The patient was transferred to the operation room to further examination. During the surgery an almost constant but stiff mass was found in hypogastrium that overextended to the umbilicus. For the last few months, the patient had some disorders such as constipation and oligomenorrhea but these disorders were not important and discomfortable complaining for the patient. Patient was clinically assumed to have ovarian tumor and referred for laparotomy. After surgery, pathological examination showed that it was a subserosal Myoma.

  Background & objectives: Hypocalcaemia is one of the severe complications of total thyroidectomy. This complication occurs due to parathyroid glands damage during operation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency of transitory and permanent hypocalcaemia in patients who were subjected to total thyroidectomy and the role of the parathyroid autotransplantation on permanent hypocalcaemia .

  Methods: In this retrospective study, one hundred patients who suffered from malignant ( group I, 46 persons) and benign (group II, 54 persons) thyroid diseases and subjected to total thyroidectomy were included and preventing role of parathyroid autotransplantation�on hypocalcaemia (permanent and transitory) was studied. Of 37 individuals of the group I who were treated with total thyroidectomy, 3 patients (subgroup A) were autotranspalnted with parathyroid glands and the rests (9 persons) who their neck lymph nodes were dissected radically and then undergone total thyroidectomy , 4 patients (subgroup B) were accomplished the autotranspalntation . In group II, just 2 patients were autotranspalnted. In overall, only in 9% of cases the autotranspalntations were done into sternocleidomastoid and deltoid muscle fibers.

  Results: Sixty seven percent of the patients were female with average age of 39.9 ± 10.8 years and 33% were male with average age of 37.2 ± 8.8 years. Seventeen percent of the patients showed transitory hypocalcaemia (13 persons in group I: 8 persons in subgroup A and 5 persons in subgroup B, 4 persons in group II). They were treated with intravenous and oral calcium supplements. None of patients progressed to permanent hypocalcaemia. The recovery rate obtained by the autotransplantation was significant statistically between two groups (p=0.006) and two subgroups (p=0.04). Temporary recurrent laryngeal nerve paresis also occurred in 2% of patients but no paralysis was observed.

  Conclusion: The autotransplantation of injured or incidentally removed parathyroid glands into sternocleidomastoid or deltoid muscle fibers can prevent the permanent hypocalcaemia.

  Background & Objective: Today obesity and depression are two important diseases which are growing all over the world and threat the human health. That how much these two affect each other is a major health question. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and depression in female students of Ardabil University of Medical Sciences.

  Method: In a descriptive study 230 female students were selected through classified random sampling and their height and weight were measured. To measure the rate of depression a Beck test, and to analyze the data a descriptive method, and finally to indicate the relationship between BMI and depression Pearson correlation through SPSS15 software were used.

  Results : 40% of the students in the depression test were in the normal level, 29% had mild depression, 24% moderate depression and 7% severe depression. In addition 77% of the students, regarding body mass index were in an acceptance level, 14% were overweight and 9% were underweight. Pearson correlation method showed that there was a positive significant relationship between BMI and depression among female students (p≤ 0.01).

  Conclusion: The prevalence of depression in female students of university is 60% and the prevalence of obesity is 14% and there is positive significant relationship between BMI and depression.