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 Background & Objectives: cervical dysplasia indicates the growth disorder of cervix and is characterized by the appearance of cancerous and precancerous cells in cervix. Cervical dysplasia often has no symptoms but can progress to cervical cancer in 5 % of the cases. Early diagnosis of these pre-invasive lesions with pap smear can prevent, to a great extent, the progress of lesion to cancer. The prevalence of cervical dysplasia is different in different parts of the world and depents, to a great extent, on its etiology. This study was an attempt to determine the prevalence and types of cervical dysplasia in 5000 cases of pap smears.

 Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted on 5000 cases of pap smears selected randomly from among 8249 pap smears in the period between March 2003 to August 2004. Some samples were studied retrospectively and some others prospectively. The population of the study was composed of women referring to Ardabil health care centers for pop smear test. The data were collected with questionnaires and were analyzed using SPSS software (ver.11).

 Results: Cervical dysplasia was found in 56 cases (1.12%) 0.66% of which was CIN I, 0.3% CIN II and 0.16% CIN III.

 Conclusion: The total percentage of cervical displasia in this study was 1.12%. This prevalence in other similar studies varies between 0.4% in Scotland and 12% in USA. Nevertheless, the prevalence found in this study is in line with most of the similar researches.

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Background & Objectives: Carcinoid tumor is the most common appendix tumor and its origin in from neuroendocrine cells. 80% of tumors are located in GI tract and the most common site of the tumor is appendix .This neoplasm is found in 0.3-0.5 percent of appendectomized samples. The mean age in diagnosis time is 30 years old and the neoplasm is more common in women. The aim of this study was to investigate the age and sex prevalence of carcinoid tumor in appendectomized patients.
Methods: This descriptive study was done on 5644 specimens in the Fatemi Hospital of Ardabil  for surveying of carcinoid tumor prevalence, on the basis of age & sex, from 2003-2007.
Results: In this study, the prevalence of carcinoid tumor was 0.19%, average involvement mean 33.6 years old (ST= 23.1) & the men diameter of tumor was 0.74 cm (ST= 0.37). The prevalence in women was 3 in 1000 and in men was 1.36 in 1000.All of the tumor located in the tail portion of appendix. The tumor can cause acute appendicitis by duct obstruction but mostly is discovered during pathologic examination accidentally, conclusion pathologic examination of appendix with sagital incision in all appendectomy cases is recommended.

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  Background & Objectives: Lymphadenopathy refers to the disease of lymphatic nodes. Any immune response against foreign antigens is often associated with lymph node enlargement (lymphadenopathy) and lymphadenitis. Most pathologic studies of neck lymph nodes indicated TB as the most common cause of cervical lymphadenopathy. Approach to a neck lymphadenopathy as the main complaint of the patients or the only clinical finding is usual events which physicians encounters frequently during their practice. M anagement of these patients depends on the physician experience and knowledge. This study aimed to investigate etiology of cervical lymphadenopathies in admitted patients.

  Methods : In this cross-sectional study, one hundred patients with cervical lymphadenopathy who referred to Fatemi hospital from 2002-2006 and underwent excisional biopsy with pathologic results were included. Demographic data ' age and sex', and pathologic findings were obtained using the patients' file . FNA results and non lymphoid samples were excluded . All findings were analyzed by SPSS.

  Results: A total number of 100 subjects were studied of whom, 52 (52%) were male and 48 (48%) were female. On the basis of pathologic findings, tuberculosis was the most common cause of lymphadenopathy (36%) . Reactive changes including follicular hyperplasia, sinus histiocytosis and other forms of lymphadenitis, metastatic carcinoma, Hodgkin and non Hodgkin lymphoma were found in 34%, 13%, 9% and 8% respectively. In patients aged under 15, reactive changes were seen in 11cases (57%), and in age group of 16- 55 years tuberculosis was found in 31 cases (44.2%), and metastatic carcinoma was diagnosed in subjects aged over 55 years with 5 cases (45.4%).

Conclusion: In our study tuberculosis is the most common cause for cervical lymphadenopathies in both sexes (especially between 15 to 55 years). This findings emphasis about the TB prevalence in Ardabil. Under the 15 years old reactive change of lymph nodes and over the 55 years metastatic carcinoma were the most common causes.