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Background & objectives: Due to the prevalence of obesity and the subsequent development of metabolic risk factors, cardiovascular and fatty liver complications, exercise programs and the use of natural supplements can play a significant role in controlling and preventing these diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to review the effect of eight weeks of combined exercise and Chlorogenic acid intake on C-reactive protein and liver enzymes in obese women.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, which was performed as a pre-test, post-test with a control group, a total of 48 obese women were selected purposefully and divided randomly into four equal groups (n=12); exercise, supplement, exercise+supplementation and control group. The exercises program consisted of 8 weeks of aerobic and resistance training, 3 sessions with 60 minutes per week. The chlorogenic acid supplement group received daily Green coffee in capsule form contain 400 mg powder for 8 weeks and the concurrent group performed exercise and received Green coffee simultaneously. By using blood sampling the variables were measured at baseline and after 8 weeks of intervention. Data were analyzed by t-test and ANOVA at significance level of p<0.05.
Results: Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the supplement group were the lowest and in the exercise+supplementation group had the highest decrease and there was no significant difference in the control group. The C-reactive protein (CRP) in the training+supplementation group was significantly decreased and in the three experimental groups there was a significant difference compared to the control group (p≥0.05).
Conclusion: It seems that combined exercise and natural substances rich in chlorogenic acid can decrease inflammatory factors such as C-reactive protein and liver enzymes.
 

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Background & objectives: Flat foot is one of the most common physical and motor disorders among students. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of three comprehensive corrective exercise protocols on the correction of flexible flat foot in boy students with overweight.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, which was performed as a pre-test, post-test with a control group, a total of 80 overweight students with flexible flat foot were selected purposefully and divided into four equal groups (n=20) randomly; (Theraband exercise, NASM, water resistance training and a control group). The experimental groups performed correction exercises for 8 weeks, 3 sessions with 45 minutes per week. Variables were measured at the baseline and after 8 weeks of correctional program. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance by SPSS 24 software at the significance level of p<0.05.
Results: The results of the study showed that the three protocols; Theraband exercise, NASM and water resistance training had a significant effect on the improvement of flexible flat feet in overweight male students with coefficients of 0.23, 0.32 and 0.15, respectively (p≤0.05). Furthermore, it was observed a significant difference between of these three corrective protocols on flexible flat foot.
Conclusion: These findings indicated that the three correction exercises have a significant effect on the improvement of flexible flat feet. Therefore, it is recommended trainers of rehabilitation centers and corrective movements use these training methods.
 

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Background & Objective: One of the social problems in many countries is the consumption of sports nutrition supplements, which causes many problems for athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of steroid supplementation on the psychological injuries profile in female bodybuilders.
Methods: In this analytical-descriptive study, 150 adult female bodybuilders (mean age 29.15 years, SD=6.82) were selected using the Cochran formula and stratified random sampling as a statistical sample. To collect data, demographic information, the Athletes 'supplement intake Scale, and Mmpi-2 mental health questionnaires were used. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation coefficient, Multivariate regression, and Structural Equation Modeling.
Results: The results showed that the female bodybuilder's psychological injuries profile was a significant relationship with steroid supplements (p=0.002). Also, the regression results showed that 1.6% for the Hs scale; 5.3% for the D scale, 17.7% for the Hy scale; 36.6% for the Pd scale; 31% for the Pa scale; 35.7% for the Pt scale; 38.8% for the Sc scale; 18.3% for the Ma scale is determined by the use of steroid supplements.
Conclusions: These findings indicate that a steroid supplement has an important role on the psychological injuries profile of female bodybuilders. Therefore, it is recommended that coaches and athletes to be cautious in taking steroid supplements.
 

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