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Considering the pandemic of the COVID-19 disease, the use of various drugs in patients has been investigated. Recently, numerous studies have been done on the effectiveness of drugs which used to treat the underlying disease such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, as well as coronary artery disease in various countries, because the patients with underlying conditions are more likely to develop COVID-19 disease.
Two classes of the most commonly used drugs in these underlying diseases are angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and angiotensin-receptor-blocking drugs. Because the two classes of drugs that mentioned above increase the levels of enzyme-converting enzyme receptor-2, it has been hypothesized that the initiation or continuation of such drugs will play some roles in initiation, progression or acceleration of the COVID-19 disease. In the case of a COVID-19 pandemic, there are some questions; which method should be chosen? start, continue or stop of the two classes of drugs as well as which one should be chosen to have a lower risk in patients suffering from COVID-19?. Accordingly, the studies reported from different countries which conducted with the aim of investigating this assumption, was reviewed in this article. As a result, all of those studies have announced this common result that the start-up order for these two groups of drugs in patients with COVID-19, who have underlying cardiovascular disease, should be treated in the same way as other patients, based on valid and accepted current guidelines. Furthermore, do not discontinue these medications if the patient has taken any of them before having COVID-19 disease.

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Background & objectives: ABCA1 plays an important role in HDL biosynthesis and cellular cholesterol homeostasis and is effective in preventing the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. This study aimed to investigate the effect of combined and rehabilitation training on ABCA1 gene expression in blood lymphocytes and lipid profile in middle-aged men with coronary bypass graft.
Methods: In this quasi-experimental study, 45 middle-aged men (mean age: 55.58±4.7 years) were selected by convenience sampling method and randomly divided into three groups of combined training (15 people), rehabilitation (n=15), and control (n=15). The combined training group included resistance and aerobic exercises and rehabilitation training group included aerobic exercises for 8 weeks (3 sessions per week). Blood samples were taken from all subjects at weeks 0 and 8 to measure the expression levels of ABCA1, HDL, and LDL genes. Kruskal-Wallis, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey post hoc tests were used for statistical analysis using SPSS software, and significance level was p≤0.05 .
Results: The results showed that eight weeks of combined training and rehabilitation training increased the expression level of the ABCA1 (p=0.001 and p=0.001, respectively) gene and plasma HDL (p=0.001 and p=0.012, respectively) level and decreased plasma LDL (p=0.001 and p=0.01, respectively) level. There was also a significant difference between the three groups in ABCA1 and HDL values in favor of the combined training group. 
Conclusion: It seems that combined training can be more effective than rehabilitation training to further increase ABCA1 gene expression and plasma HDL levels and decrease LDL level in middle-aged men with coronary bypass graft.

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Background & objectives: Long QT syndrome (LQTS), congenital or acquired disorder, is characterized by a prolonged QT interval associated with syncope attacks and sudden death. Jervell and Lange-Nielsen first described LQTS in conjunction with sensory-neural congenital deafness. In long QT syndrome, the modified QT interval is greater than 440 ms and 460 ms in men and in women respectively. Acquired forms of prolonged QT are the consequence of metabolic disorders and various medications.
Since the number of people with congenital deafness in the society is not low and studies in Iran about this syndrome, especially in children are limited, therefore identification of these patients by performing an ECG and simple measures, may be useful in reducing sudden death among these patients. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of prolonged QT syndrome in children with congenital sensory-neural deafness which undergoing cochlear implant surgery.
Methods: In this study, a single-center cross-sectional observational study, all children with congenital deafness which undergoing cochlear plantation at northwest of Iran were enrolled. Patients' heart rate and QT interval were calculated using Bazett's formula. The association of long QTc with syncope and sudden death, evaluated by using Schwartz's criteria in children with long QT syndrome.
Results: Of the 357 studied patients, 204 (57.1%) were male and 153 (42.9%) were female. The mean±SD of the current age of the patients was 7.15±2.93 years with a mean of 7 years. The mean±SD of QT interval in the studied patients was 291.01±26.89 ms with a mean of 280 ms. the mean±SD of the  QTc interval in the studied patients was 400.52±25.74 ms with a median of 404 ms. Frequency of Long QTc in the studied patients was 17 cases (4.8%) and long QT syndrome was 5 cases (1.4 %).  
Conclusion: The prevalence of prolonged QT syndrome in patients with congenital deafness in northwest of Iran in 2019 was 4.8%, and 2 cases had syncope and 3 cases had sudden death.